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lutions because they are pretty euphoric of freshly regained freedom。 One could use it only in one way； by moving forward very； very quickly。
波兰财政部长（19891991）拉扎克。布拉泽维奇（Leszek Balcerowicz）：在团结工会取得突破上台后，有一段非常短的非常政治时期，这段时间里，人民已经作好了接受激进解决方案的准备，因为他们正沉浸在刚刚恢复自由的喜悦之中，可以稍微地利用这一点，很快地推进一些改革。
JOSEPH STANISLAW： Poland decided to do what Bolivia did； to introduce shock therapy； cut back on government expenditure and try and introduce a market system and see if it could work。
约瑟夫。斯坦利斯诺（Joseph Stanislaw）：波兰决定学习###的做法，实行休克疗法，削减政府开支，偿试引进市场体制，看它是否能奏效。
NARRATOR： Prices almost doubled； and shortages didn't end。 All Balcerowicz could do was chew his nails and wait for the law of supply and demand to kick in。 But then； after a few days； farmers began to bring their produce to market。
旁白：价格几乎涨了两倍，短缺仍然存在，布拉泽维奇所能做的只是咬着他的指甲，紧张地等待供给需求法则发挥作用。但过了几天后，农民们开始把农产品拿到市场上卖了。
LESZEK BALCEROWICZ： I was going for a walk； and we were looking at the prices in the shops； the prices of eggs。
拉扎克。布拉泽维奇（Leszek Balcerowicz）：我出去转了一下，看了看商店里商品的价格，看了看鸡蛋的价格。
NARRATOR： His aides told him to concentrate on the price of eggs。 If eggs appeared； if eggs got cheaper； the market would be working。 Eggs did appear。 And then the price of eggs began to fall。
旁白：他的助手们告诉他要关注鸡蛋的价格，假如市面上有鸡蛋卖了，假如鸡蛋的价格便宜了，就说明市场在有效地运作了。市面上果然有鸡蛋卖了，然后鸡蛋的价格开始降下来了。
LESZEK BALCEROWICZ： And I remember that very important day when the prices of eggs are falling。 This was one of the signals that the program； the stabilization program； is working。
拉扎克。布拉泽维奇（Leszek Balcerowicz）：我记得鸡蛋的价格开始下降的那天，那是非常重要的一天，这是我们的计划，稳定计划奏效了的一个信号。
。 想看书来
Chapter 13： Poland in Transition ＇2：39＇
第十三章： 转型中的波兰
NARRATOR： But reforming stateowned heavy industries would prove a much bigger challenge。
旁白：但是改革国有重工业被证明是一项更为艰巨的工作。
LESZEK BALCEROWICZ： Once Poland became free； one of the problems I have to face was a fight about privatization。
拉扎克。布拉泽维奇（Leszek Balcerowicz）：当波兰实现了自由之后，我不得不面临的一个问题便是私有化的问题。
DANIEL YERGIN： The big problem was the old industries inherited from the munist past； and there were wrenching problems of unemployment； of making them efficient； keeping them running。 And that's where you saw a lot of the pain。
丹尼尔。尤金（Daniel Yergin）：问题在于那些从过去共产主义继承下来的老工业，存在着失业、要提高效率、使其正常运转等一系列棘手的问题，这就是那些改革最痛苦的地方。
NARRATOR： Making overmanned stateowned industries efficient or profitable meant widescale layoffs for Poland's bluecollar workers。
旁白：要使人员过剩的国有企业有效率或者赢利意味着需要大规模地裁减波兰的蓝领工人。
JAN BIELECKI； Prime Minister； Poland； 1991： When I became the prime minister； the euphoria of transition was almost over。 We had 20；000 strikes； sometimes anized by my former colleagues from Solidarity movement。
波兰总理（1991）简。比尔尼奇（Jan Bielecki）：当我任总理时，转型的蜜月期几乎已经结束了，我们发生了2万次罢工，有时组织者就是我在团结工会运动时一起工作过的同事们。
NARRATOR： Solidarity began to lose support as workers felt the pain of reform。
旁白：当工人们感受到了改革的痛苦的时候，团结工会便开始失去支持了。
JEFFREY SACHS： I was asked to go to some factories； to meet with workers to try to explain what my vision of this might be。
杰裴里。萨克斯（Jeffery Sachs）：我被要求去参观一些工厂，去会见一些工人，努力向他们解释我对此的看法。
FACTORY WORKER： In the beginning we were made to believe that it wouldn't take long for things to get better。
工厂工人：一开始，我们相信很快情况就会好起来的。
FACTORY WORKER： Sachs gave us a rosy vision for the future of our economy。
工厂工人：萨克斯给我们描绘了一个未来经济的瑰丽景象。
ZYGMUNT WRZODAK； Union Leader； Ursus Tractor Factory： We soon found out that the program imposed on us from the outside most harmed precisely those Poles who had contributed so much to political freedom。
厄萨斯拖拉机厂（Ursus Tractor Factory）工会主席ZYGMUNT WRZODAK：我们很快发现，那些从外部而来的强加给我们的计划大大伤害的恰恰是那些为波兰的政治自由作出过巨大的贡献的波兰人。
NARRATOR： But elsewhere； the market was flourishing。 Tens of thousands of small businesses sprung up； and the Polish economy began to boom。
旁白：但在其他地区，市场得到了繁荣，成千上万的小企业异军突起，波兰经济开始走向繁荣。
JAN BIELECKI： You suddenly had thousands of people trading the same products in front of the stateowned shop； but at a much lower price。 This is phenomenal； because it shows enormously entrepreneurial drive of the Polish people。 When you have your five minutes； take it。 When the Polish people finally got that opportunity； they took the chance。 They used the chance。
简。比尔尼奇（Jan Bielecki）：突然，你看见在国有商店门前，有成千上万的人正在交易相同的产品，但价格却比商店里低很多。这是了不起的，这表明了波兰人民巨大的创业动力。当你有五分钟时，你一定要抓住这五分钟，当波兰人最终获得了这个机会时，他们抓住了，他们很好地利用了机会。
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Chapter 15： Soviet Free Fall ＇4：52＇
第十五章： 苏维埃的自由滑落
Onscreen title： Moscow； Soviet Union
字幕标题：苏联，莫斯科
NARRATOR： In August 1991； diehard munists staged a coup。 Boris Yeltsin became the voice of democratic resistance。 The coup collapsed。
Gorbachev survived the plot； but his prestige was destroyed； and the Soviet Union's days were numbered。
旁白：1991年8月，顽固的共产主义分子发动了一场政变，鲍里斯。叶利钦（Boris Yeltsin）成了民主抵抗力量的代言人，政变失败了。戈尔巴乔夫躲过一劫，但声望扫地，苏联的日子不长了。
DANIEL YERGIN： The end of December 1991； Mikhail Gorbachev went on Soviet television。 He told his viewers that the Soviet Union would within a few days cease to exist legally。 After seven decades； the Soviet Union was over； it was finished； fade to black。
丹尼尔。尤金（Daniel Yergin）：1991年12月底，米哈伊。戈尔巴乔夫（Mikhail Gorbachev）走上电视台，向观众宣布，几天后，苏联在法律上就不存在了，在存在了70年后，苏联走到了尽头，一切都结束了，成为了历史。
NARRATOR： The president of Russia was Boris Yeltsin。 Unlike Gorbachev； Yeltsin wanted to move fast。 He chose the young reformer Yegor Gaidar as the man to turn Russia into a market economy。
旁白：俄罗斯总统是鲍里斯。叶利钦（Boris Yeltsin），与戈尔巴乔夫不同，叶利钦想更快地行动。他起用了年轻的改革家尤戈。盖达（Yegor Gaidar），负责把俄罗斯带向市场经济。
DANIEL YERGIN： For Gaidar it was a shock。 There was no money in the treasury； there was no gold； there was not even enough grain to get through the winter。 It was unclear who was even in charge of the nuclear weapons。 Gaidar later said that it was like flying in an airplane and going into the cockpit and finding no one at the controls。
丹尼尔。尤金（Daniel Yergin）：盖达深受震动，国库里没有钱，也没有黄金，甚至都没有足够的粮食过冬，连核武器由谁掌管都不清楚。盖达后来说当时就像是你在坐飞机时，到驾驶舱一看却发现没有飞行员。
YEGOR GAIDAR： It was clear to me that the country was not functioning； the economy was not wor