按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
旁白：在莫斯科（Moscow），营救奥列格。戈德尔维斯基（Oleg Gordievsky）的网收紧了。
OLEG GORDIEVSKY； KGB Defector： At that time I decided to use my secret longstanding plan of escape。 I sent a signal to the British intelligence。
克格勃叛员奥赖格。戈德尔维斯基（Oleg Gordievsky）：那时我决定实施我秘密的，策划已久的逃亡计划，我向英国情报部门发出了讯号。
NARRATOR： Gordievsky evaded his KGB watchers and made his way to a forest near the Finnish border。
旁白：戈德尔维斯基（Gordievsky）躲开了克格勃的监视，来到了芬兰边境的一个森林。
OLEG GORDIEVSKY： In the morning； I started to move toward the site in the woods； and there I waited。 I waited for the arrival of car； driven by two British people who picked me up； put me in the boat； and drove to the border。 It was a very small car； a very small boat。
奥列格。戈德尔维斯基（Oleg Gordievsky）：早晨，我开始向树林中的预定地点进发，并在那里等，等汽车的到来，两个英国人开着车接上了我，然后我们上了一艘小船，到了边境。那是一辆非常小型的汽车，船也很小。
On the border； we started to stop。 One stop。 Second stop。 Third stop。
到了边境后，我们试图靠岸，一次、二次、三次。
NARRATOR： They were approaching the moment of maximum danger。
旁白：最危险的时刻到了。
OLEG GORDIEVSKY： The KGB and Soviet customs checks of the cars。 I heard the voices。 I heard even the KGB dogs barking。 And to my great luck； it went without any accident。
奥列格。戈德尔维斯基（Oleg Gordievsky）：克格勃和苏联海关在盘查着过往的车辆，我听到了声音，甚至能听到克格勃的军犬在叫。幸运的是，我们顺利地过了关，没有遇到麻烦。
NARRATOR： But one of the British agents； a woman； threw the guard dogs off the scent by feeding them potato chips。
旁白：但是一名英国女间谍的香水味引起了军犬的注意，她扔了一些土豆片才摆脱了它。
Three days later； Gordievsky was in London and the debriefings began。
三天后，戈德尔维斯基（Gordievsky）到了伦敦，情报汇报开始了。
OLEG GORDIEVSKY： When I was a British agent inside the KGB； the British intelligence service didn't have time to ask me about economy； because they were interested about strategic problems。 The armscontrol questions were so overwhelming； the West neglected the important foundation of the argument： the economy。
奥列格。戈德尔维斯基（Oleg Gordievsky）：当我是克格勃内部的一名英国间谍时，英国情报部门没有工夫问我有关苏联经济方面的情况，他们只对战略性的问题感兴趣，武器控制问题是压倒一切的，西方世界忽视了问题最重要的基础：经济。
NARRATOR： Gordievsky told his British spymasters that the Soviet Union was under great pressure； devoting more than a third of its entire economy to military spending。
旁白：戈德尔维斯基（Gordievsky）告诉他的英国间谍首脑，苏联正在承受着巨大的压力，它将整个经济的三分之一以上投入到了军事开支上。
OLEG GORDIEVSKY： And the analyst said no； I can't put such a huge figure down because nobody would believe it。 Later； economists realized that the Soviet Union had been spending at least 50 percent on the military。
奥列格。戈德尔维斯基（Oleg Gordievsky）：分析家们说，不，我不能写下这么巨大的数字，因为没有人会相信。后来，经济学家们意识到，苏联一直在花费至少50％的经济实力用于军事。
CHARLES POWELL： Gordievsky's information was shared with President Reagan and the Americans； and he was able to play； behind the scenes； a role of extraordinary influence。
查尔斯。鲍威尔（Charles Powell）：我们把戈德尔维斯基（Gordievsky）提供的信息提供给里根（Regan）总统，提供给美国人，从而使得戈德尔维斯基（Gordievsky）在幕后产生了非常大的影响。
NARRATOR： Thanks to Gordievsky's intelligence； Western leaders realized that Soviet military might rested on a crumbling economy。
旁白：得益于戈德尔维斯基（Gordievsky）的情报，西方领导人认识到苏联强大的军事力量是以经济的行将崩溃为代价的。
OLEG GORDIEVSKY： The munist administration reported that the economy was growing。 It was not the case。 The economy started to go down all the time； and the deficit was covered only with the help of the oil prices。 And the extra money made it possible to claim that they were successful。 And they were deceiving the world。
奥列格。戈德尔维斯基（Oleg Gordievsky）：共产党政府报告说经济在增长，然而这不是事实，苏联经济开始全面下滑，巨额赤字只有靠石油的价格勉强维系，而得益于石油价格多出来的钱使得他们可以宣称他们是成功的。他们在欺骗整个世界。
NARRATOR： Soviet satellites circled the world； and nuclear submarines prowled the oceans。 But after seven decades of munism； the real story of the Soviet economy was one of empty shelves and a standard of living that was a fraction of Western Europe's。
旁白：苏联的社会主义兄弟国家遍布全球，其核潜艇在各大洋游弋。但是在实行了70年的共产主义之后，苏联经济的真实故事呈现在人们面前，到处是空货架，人们的生活水平远低于西欧国家。
GRIGORY YAVLINSKY； Economic Reformer： Soviet economy was neither nor。 It was not a Stalinist economy anymore； but it was not a market economy； so it was no water； no fire。 It was a mess。
经济改革家格里格利。叶维林斯基（Grigory Yavlinsky）：苏联经济是两不象，既不再是斯大林主义的经济，也更谈不上市场经济，不是水，也不是火，一团糟。
NARRATOR： An independentminded young economist； Grigory Yavlinsky； wrote a report on why workers in state mines were so unproductive。
旁白：一位年轻的中立派经济学家，格里格利。叶维林斯基（Grigory Yavlinsky），撰写了一份报告，研究了为什么在国有矿山中，工人们如此没有效率。
GRIGORY YAVLINSKY： The people don't want to work。 The people have no incentives。 The economy inside which the people have no incentives have no future。 So you can do two things： Take a gun and put this gun to his head like it was at the Stalin's time； or you have to give him incentives； because he wants to improve the life of his family； and he can't。
格里格利？叶维林斯基（Grigory Yavlinsky）：人们没有任何激励，不愿意工作。在一个经济体系中，如果人们得不到有效的激励，那么这个经济体系就是没有前途的，所以你们只能做两件事：要么拿起枪架在人们脑袋上逼他们劳动，就像斯大林时代那样，要么给他们激励，因为他们想提高其家庭的生活水平而又不能。
NARRATOR： Factory managers at Norilsk could see the economy was not working； because the workers were not working。
旁白：诺里尔斯克（Norilsk）的工厂管理人员们可以看到，经济没有在良好地运行着，因为工人们没有好好工作。
VALERY KOVALCHUK； Former Norilsk Factory Manager： You can't work properly under socialism。 There is no incentive。 And sadly； that's the only thing that gets us going。 People e to work and just go through the motions。 They doze off； read papers； do the crosswords。 The state goes on paying them； the state gets poorer； the people get corrupted； then bankruptcy。 And that's what happened the collapse of a great empire。
前诺里尔斯克制造厂（Norilsk Factory）经理维拉里。科维尔什克（Valery Kovalchuk）：在社会主义制度下， 人们无法正常工作，因为没有激励。而令人伤心的是，这是唯一可以让我们动起来的动力。人们上班只是做做样子混日子，他们上班时间打瞌睡，看报纸，猜字谜，而国家要继续照常支付他们薪水，国家越来越穷，人们越来越腐化，然后整个体系破产了，这就是我们所看到的——伟大帝国的坍塌。
Chapter 4： India’s Permit Raj ＇3：04＇
第四章： 印度的许可统治
Onscreen title： New Delhi； India
字幕标题：印度，新德里
NARRATOR： Like the Soviet Union； India had used central planning to industrialize its peasant economy and conquer poverty。 Now India； like governmentdominated economies all over the world； was running into difficulty。
旁白：与苏联一样，印度也试图采用中央计划的方式来实现其农业经济的工业化进程，并希望消除�