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I have already had them put in possession of their old buildings。 I
think it necessary also； whatever may be said of it； to re…establish
the 'Ignorantins。' 〃
＇108＇ Roederer； III。； 481。 （Sénatorerie of Caen； Germinal 17； year
XIII。） Constant lamentations of bishops and most of the priests he has
met。 〃A poor curé； an unfortunate curé； 。 。 。 The bishop invites you
to dinner； to partake of the poor cheer of an unfortunate bishop on
12；000 francs salary。〃 … The episcopal palaces are superb； but their
furniture is that of a village curé； one can scarcely find a chair in
the finest room。 … 〃The officiating priests have not yet found a fixed
salary in any commune。 。 。 。 The peasants ardently longed for their
usual mass and Sunday service as in the past； but to pay for this is
another thing。〃
＇109＇ Decrees of May 31 and Dec。 26； 1804； assigning to the Treasury
the salaries of 24；000 and then 30；000 assistant…priests。
＇110＇ Charles Nicolas； 〃le Budget de la France depuis le commencement
du XIXe siecle；〃 appropriation in 1807； 12；341；537 francs。
＇111＇ Decrees of Prairial 2； year XII； Niv？se 5。 year XIII； and Sep。
30； 1807。 … Decree of Dec。 30； 1809 （articles 37； 39； 40； 49 and ch。
IV。）… … Opinion of the council of state； May 19； 1811。
＇112＇ These are limited （articles organiques； 5）： 〃All ecclesiastical
functions are gratuitous except the authorized oblations fixed by the
regulations。〃
＇113＇ Articles organiques； 73。
＇114＇ Ibid。； 74： 〃 Real property other than dwellings with their
adjoining gardens； shall not be held under ecclesiastical titles or
possessed by ministers of worship by reason of their functions。〃
＇115＇ Opinion of the Council of State； January 22； 1805； on the
question whether the communes have become owners of the churches and
parsonages abandoned to them by the law of Germinal 18； year X
（articles organiques）。 … The Council of State is of the opinion that
〃the said churches and parsonages must be considered as communal
property。〃 If the State renounces ownership in these buildings it is
not in favor of the fabrique； curé or bishop； but in favor of the
commune。
＇116＇ In 1790 and 1791 a number of communes had made offers for
national property with a view to re…sell it afterwards； and much of
this； remaining unsold； was on their hands。
＇117＇ Articles organiques； 26。 〃The bishops will make no ordination
before submitting the number of persons to the government for its
acceptance。〃
＇118＇ 〃Archives de Grenoble。〃 （Documents communicated by Mdlle。 de
Franclieu。） Letter of the bishop； Monseigneur Claude Simon； to the
Minister of Worship； April 18； 1809。 〃For seven years that I have been
bishop of Grenoble； I have ordained thus far only eight priests；
during this period I have lost at least one hundred and fifty。 The
survivors threaten me with a more rapid gap； either they are infirm；
bent with the weight of years； or wearied or overworked。 It is
therefore urgent that I be authorized to confer sacred orders on those
who are old enough and have the necessary instruction。 Meanwhile； you
are limited to asking authorization for the first eight on the
aforesaid list； of whom the youngest is twenty…four。 。 。 。 I beg Your
Excellency to present the others on this list for the authorization of
His Imperial Majesty。〃 … Ibid。； October 6； 1811。 〃I have only one
deacon and one subdeacon； whilst I am losing three or four priests
monthly。〃
＇119＇ Articles organiques； 68； 69。 〃The pensions enjoyed by the curés
by virtue of the laws of the constituent assembly shall be deducted
from their salary。 The vicars and assistants shall be taken from the
pensioned ecclesiastics according to the laws of the constituent
assembly。 The amount of these pensions and the product of oblations
shall constitute their salary。〃
＇120＇ Laws of Vendémiaire 16； year V； and Vent？se 20； year V。。
＇121＇ Decree of Nov。 6； 1800。
＇122＇ Decisions of February 23； 1801； and June 26； 1801。 （We find；
through subsequent decisions； that these recoveries were frequently
effected。）
＇123＇ Law of Frimaire 7； year V （imposing one decime per franc above
the cost of a ticket in every theatre for the benefit of the poor not
in the asylums）。 … Also the decree of Dec。 9； 1809。 … Decisions of
Vendémiaire 27； year VII； and the restoration of the Paris octroi；
〃considering that the distress of the civil asylums and the
interruption of succor at domiciles admit of no further delay。〃 … Also
the law of Frimaire 19； year VIII； with the addition of 2 decimes per
franc to the octroi duties； established for the support of the asylums
of the commune of Paris。 … Paul Leroy…Beaulieu； 〃Traité de la science
des finances；〃 I。； 685。 Many towns follow this example： 〃Two years had
scarcely passed when there were 293 Octrois in France。〃
＇124＇ Law of Messidor 25； year V。 … Alexis Chevalier； ibid。； p。 185。
（Decisions of Thermidor 20； year XI； and Germinal 4； year XIII。） … Law
of Dec。。 11； 1808 （article 1。）
＇125＇ Albert Duruy； 〃l'Instruction publique et la Révolution；〃 p。480
et seq。 （〃Procès…verbaux des conseils…généraux de l'an IX；〃 among
others； the petitions from Gironde； Ile…et…Vilaine； Maine…et…Loire；
Puy。de…D？me； Haute…Sa？ne； Haute Vienne； la Manche； Lot…et…Garonne；
Sarthe； Aisne； Aude； C？te…d'Or； Pas…de…Calais； BassePyrénées；
Pyrénées…Orienta1es； and Lot。）
＇126＇ Alexis Chevalier； ibid。； p。 182。 （According to statistical
returns of the parent establishment； rue Oudinot。 … These figures are
probably too low。）
＇127＇ 〃Recueil des lois et réglemens sur l'enseignement supérieur；〃 by
A。 de Beauchamp； I。； 65。 （Report by Fourcroy； April 20； 1802。） 〃Old
schools； since the suppression of upper schools and universities； have
taken a new extension； and a pretty large number of private
institutions have been formed for the literary education of the
young。〃
＇128＇ Ibid。； 65 and 71。 （Report by Fourcroy。） 〃As to the primary
schools； the zeal of the municipalities must be aroused； the emulation
of the functionaries excited； and charitable tendencies revived； so
natural to the French heart and which will so promptly spring up when
the religious respect of the government for local endowments becomes
known。〃
＇129＇ Ibid。； p。 81。 （Decree of May 1st； 1802； titles 2 and 9。 … Decree
of Sept。 17； 1808； article 23。）
130＇ 〃Histoire du collège des Bons…Enfans de l'université de Reims；〃
by abbé Cauly； p。 649。 … The lycée of Reims； decreed May 6； 1802； was
not opened until the 24th of September； 1803。 The town was to furnish
accommodations for 150 pupils。 It spent nearly 200；000 francs to put
buildings in order。 。 。 。 This sum was provided； on the one hand； by a
voluntary subscription which realized 45；000 francs and； on the other
hand； by an additional tax。
＇131＇ Law of May 1； 1802； articles 32； 33； and 34。 … Guizot； 〃Essai
sur l'instruction publique； I。； 59。 Bonaparte maintained and brought