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the councilors of state； year IX。 … （Report by Fourcroy。） 〃The keeping
of Sunday and the attendance on the churches； which is seen
everywhere； shows that the mass of Frenchmen desire a return to
ancient usages； and that the time has gone by for resisting this
national tendency。 。 。 The mass of mankind require a religion； a
system of worship and a priesthood。 It is an error of certain modern
phi1osophers； into which I have myself been led； to believe in the
possibility of any instruction sufficiently widespread to destroy
religious prejudices； they are a source of consolation for the vast
number of the unfortunate。 。 。 。 Priests； altars and worship must
accordingly be left to the mass of the people。〃
＇85＇ Peuchet； 〃Statistique élémentaire de la France〃 （published in
1805）； p。228。 According to statements furnished by prefects in the
years IX and X； the population is 33；111；962 persons； the annexation
of the island of Elbe and of Piedmont adds 1；864；350 Total；
34；976；313。 … Pelet de la Lozère； P。203。 （Speech by Napoleon to the
council of state； February 4； 1804； on the Protestant seminaries of
Geneva and Strasbourg； and on the number of Protestants in his
states。） 〃Their population numbers only 3 millions。〃
＇86＇ Roederer； III。； 330 （July 1800）： 〃The First Consul spoke to me
about the steps necessary to be taken to prevent the （emigrés） who had
been struck off from getting back their possessions； in view of
maintaining the interest in the revolution of about 1；200；000
purchasers of national domains。 〃 … Rocquain； 〃état de la France au 18
Brumaire。〃 （Report by Barbé…Marbois on Morbihan； Finisterre； Ile…et…
Vilaine； and C？tes…du…Nord； year IX。） 〃In every place I have just
passed through the proprietors recognize that their existence is
attached to that of the First Consul。〃
＇87＇ Constitution of Frimaire 22； year VIII； art。 94。 … Article 93；
moreover； declares that 〃the possessions of the émigrés are
irrevocably acquired by the republic。〃
＇88＇ Law of Floréal 29； year X； title I； article 8。 The member also
swears 〃to combat with all the means which justice； reason and the law
authorize； every enterprise tending to restore the feudal régime；〃
and； consequently； feudal rights and tithes
＇89＇ Organic Sénatus…consulte； Floreal 28； year XII （18th May 1804）。
Title VII。； art。 53。
＇90＇ Roederer； III。； 430…432 （April 4； 1802； May I； 1802）： 〃Defermon
remarked to me yesterday； 'This will all go on well as long as the
First Consul lives； the day after his death we shall all emigrate。' 〃
… 〃 Every one； from the sailor to the worker； says to himself； 'All
this is very well； but will it last？ 。 。 。… This work we undertake；
this capital we risk； this house we build； these trees we plant； what
will become of them if he dies？〃
＇91＇ Ibid。； 340。 （Words of the First Consul； November 4； 1800。） 〃Who
is the rich man to…day？ The buyer of national domains； the contractor。
the robber。〃 …These details； above； are provided for me by family
narrations and souvenirs。
＇92＇ Napoleon； 〃Correspondance；〃 letter of September 5； 1795。
〃National and émigré property is not dear； patrimonies are priceless。〃
… Archives nationales； cartons 3144 to 3145； No。1004； missions of the
councillors of state； year IX。 （Report by Lacuée on the seven
departments of the division of the Seine。） 〃The proportion of value；
in Seine； between national and patrimonial properties is from 8 to
15。〃 … In Eure； national property of every kind is sold about 10 ％。
off； and patrimonial at about 4 ％。 off。 There are two sorts of
national property； one of first origin （that of the clergy）； and the
other of second origin （that of the émigrés）。 The latter is much more
depreciated than the former。 Compared with patrimonial property； in
Aisne； the former loses a fifth or a quarter of its value and the
latter a third； in Loiret； the former loses a quarter and the latter
one…half； in Seine…et…Oise the former loses one…third and the latter
three…fifths； in Oise the former is at about par； the latter loses a
quarter。 … Roederer； III。； 472 （December 1803）。 Depreciation of
national property in Normandy： 〃But little is bought above 7 ％。 off；
this； however； is the fate of this sort of property throughout
France。〃 … Ibid。； III。； 534 （January 1809）： 〃In Normandy； investments
on patrimonial property bring only 3 ％。； while State property brings 5
％。 〃 … Moniteur （January 4； 1825）。 Report of M。 de Martignac： 〃The
confiscated property of the emigrés finds its purchasers with
difficulty； and its commercial value is not in proportion to its real
value。〃 … Duclosonge； former inspector of domains； 〃Moyens de porter
les domaines nationaux à la valeur des biens patrimoniaux；〃 p。7。
〃Since 1815； national property has generally been bought at a rate of
income of 3 ％。 or； at the most； 4 ％。 The difference for this epoch is
accordingly one…fifth； and even two…fifths。〃
＇93＇ Treaty between the Pope and the French government； July '5； 1801。
Ratifications exchanged September 1； 1801； and published with its
articles April 8； 1802。 … Article 13。
＇94＇ Ibid。； article 14。
＇95＇ Articles organiques； 64； 65； 66。
＇96＇ Law of November 30； 1809； and opinion of the Council of State；
May 19； 1811。
＇97＇ Articles organiques； 68。
＇98＇ Articles organiques； 71； 72。 … Concordat； article 12。 … Law
passed July 26； 1803。
＇99＇ Councils of laymen entrusted with the administration of parish
incomes。
＇100＇ Law of December 30； 1809； articles 39； 92 and following
articles； 105 and following articles。
＇101＇ Law of September 15； 1807； title IX。
＇102＇ Concordat； article 15。 … Articles organiques； 73。
＇103＇ Alexis Chevalier； 〃les Frères des écoles chrétiennes et
l'Enseignement primaire après la révolution；〃 passim。 （Act of
Vendémiare 24 and Prairial 28； year XI； and Frimiaire II； year XII；
laws of May 14； 1806； March 7； 1808； February 17； 1809； Dec。 26；
1810。）
＇104＇ Alexis Chevalier； ibid。； 189。
＇105＇ Ibid。； p。185 sequitur。 （Decision of Aug。 8； 1803； of March 25；
of May 30； 1806。）
＇106＇ Decree of June 22； 1804 （articles I and 4）。 … 〃Consultation sur
les decrets du 29 Mars 1880；〃 by Edmond Rousse； p。32。 （Out of 54
communities； there were two of men； the 〃Pères du tiers…ordre de
Saint…Fran？ois〃 and the priests of 〃la Miséricorde；〃 one founded in
1806 and the other in 1808。）
＇107＇ 〃Mémorial de Sainte…Héléne。〃 Napoleon adds〃 that an empire like
France may and must have some refuge for maniacs called Trappists。〃 …
Pelet de la Lozère； p。208。 （Session of the council of state； May 22；
1804。） 〃My intention is to have the house of foreign missions
restored； these monks will be of great use to me in Asia； Africa； and
America。 。 。 。 I will give them a capital of 15；000 francs a year to
begin with。 。 。 。 I shall also re…establish the 'Sisters of Charity；'
I have already had them put in possession of their old buildings。 I
think