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despair of populations no longer having anything to lose； because all
has been taken away； is to be feared。〃 … De Pradt； p。73。 （Specimen
of military proceedings in allied countries。） At Wolburch； in the
Bishop of Cujavie's chateau； 〃I found his secretary； canon of Cujavie；
decorated with the ribbon and cross of his order； who showed me his
jaw； broken by the vigorous blows administered to him the previous
evening by General Count Vandamme； because he had refused to serve
Tokay wine； imperiously demanded by the general； he was told that the
King of Westphalia had lodged in the castle the day before； and had
carted away all this wine。〃
＇122＇ Fievée； 〃Correspondance et relations avec Bonaparte； de 1802 à
1813；〃 III。； 82。 （Dec。 1811）； （On the populations annexed or
conquered）： 〃There is no hesitation in depriving them of their
patrimony； their language； their legislatures； in disturbing all their
habits； and that without any warrant but throwing a bulletin des lois
at their heads （inapplicable）。 。 。 。 How could they be expected to
recognize this； or even become resigned to it？ 。 。 。 Is it possible
not to feel that one no longer has a country； that one is under
constraint； wounded in feeling and humiliated？ 。 。 。 Prussia； and a
large part of Germany； has been so impoverished that there is more to
gain by taking a pitchfork to kill a man than to stir up a pile of
manure。〃
＇123＇ 〃Correspondance；〃 letter to King Joseph； Feb。 18； 1814。 〃If I
had signed the treaty reducing France to its ancient limits； I should
have gone to war two years after … Marmont； V。； 133 （1813）： 〃Napoleon；
in the last years of his reign； always preferred to lose all rather
than to yield anything。〃
＇124＇ M。 de Metternich； II。； 205。
＇125＇ Words of Richelieu on his death…bed： 〃Behold my judge；〃 said he；
pointing to the Host； 〃the judge who will soon pronounce his verdict。
I pray that he will condemn me； if； during my ministry； I have
proposed to myself aught else than the good of religion and of the
State。〃
＇126＇ Miot de Melito； 〃Mémoires；〃II。； 48； 152。
＇127＇ 〃Souvenirs；〃 by Gaudin； duc de Ga？te （3rd vol。 of the
〃Mémoires；〃 p。67）。
＇128＇ M。 de Metternich； II。； 120。 （Letter to Stadion； July 26； 1807。）
＇129＇ Ibid。； II。； 291。 （Letter of April 11； 1809。）
＇130＇ Ibid。； II。； 400。 （Letter of Jan。17； 1811。） In lucid moments；
Napoleon takes the same view。 Cf。 Pelet de la Lozère； 〃Opinions de
Napoleon au conseil d'etat；〃 p。 15 ： 〃That will last as long as I do。
After me； however； my son will deem himself fortunate if he has 40；000
francs a year。〃 … （De Ségur； 〃Histoire et Mémoires；〃 III。； 155。） ：
〃How often at this time （1811） was he heard to foretell that the
weight of his empire would crush his heir！〃 〃Poor child；〃 said he；
regarding the King of Rome； 〃what an entanglement I shall leave to
you！〃 From the beginning he frequently passed judgment on himself and
foresaw the effect of his action in history。〃 On reaching the isle of
Poplars； the First Consul stopped at Rousseau's grave； and said： 'It
would have； been better for the repose of France； if that man had
never existed。' 'And why； citizen Consul？' 'He is the man who made the
French revolution。' 'It seems to me that you need not complain of the
French revolution！' 'well； the future must decide whether it would not
have been better for the repose of the whole world if neither myself
nor Rousseau had ever lived。' He then resumed his promenade in a
revery。〃 … Stanislas Girardin； 〃Journal et Mémoires；〃 III。； Visit of
the French Consul to Ermenonville。
＇131＇ Marmont； 〃Mémoires；〃 III。； 337。 （On returning from Wagram。）
＇132＇ On this initial discord； cf。 Armand Lefèvre； 〃Histoire des
Cabinets de l'Europe；〃 vol。VI。
＇133＇ 〃Correspondance de Napoléon I。〃 （Letter to the King of
Wurtemberg； April 2； 1811。）
＇134＇ Testament of April 25； 1821 〃It is my desire that my remains
rest on the banks of the Seine； amidst that French people I have so
dearly loved。〃
＇135＇ 〃Correspondance de Napoleon I。； XXII。； 119。 （Note by Napoleon；
April； 1811。） 〃There will always be at Hamburg； Bremen； and Lubeck
from 8000 to 10；000 Frenchmen； either as employees or as gendarmes； in
the custom…houses and warehouses。〃
＇136＇ 〃Souvenirs〃； by PASQUIER （Etienne…Dennis； duc）； Librarie Plon；
Paris 1893。…； II。； 88； and following pages： 〃During the year 1813；
from Jan。 1 to Oct。 7； 840；000 men had already been drafted from
imperial France and they had to be furnished。〃 … Other decrees in
December； placing at the disposition of the government 300；000
conscripts for the years 1806 to 1814 inclusive。 … Another decree in
November organizing 140；000 men of the national guard in cohorts；
intended for the defense of strongholds。 … In all； 1；300；000 men
summoned in one year。 〃Never has any nation been thus asked to let
itself be voluntarily led in a mass to the slaughterhouse。 … Ibid。；
II。； 59。 Senatus…consulte； and order of council for raising 10；000
young men； exempt or redeemed from conscription； as the prefects might
choose； arbitrarily； from amongst the highest classes in society。 The
purpose was plainly 〃 to secure hostages in every family of doubtful
loyalty。 No measure created for Napoleon more irreconcilable
enemies。〃
… Cf。 De Ségur； II。； 34。 （He was charged with organizing and
commanding a division of young men。） Many were sons of Vendéans or of
Conventionalists； some torn from their wives the day after their
marriage； or from the bedside of a wife in her confinement； of a dying
father； or of a sick son； 〃some looked so feeble that they seemed
dying。〃 One half perished in the campaign of 1814。 … 〃
Correspondance；〃 letter to Clarke； Minister of War； Oct。23； 1813 （in
relation to the new levies）： 〃I rely on 100；000 refractory
conscripts。〃
＇137＇ 〃Archives nationales；〃 A F。；VI。； 1297。 （Documents 206 to 210。）
（Report to the Emperor by Count Dumas； April 10； 1810。） Besides the
170 millions of penalties 1；675；457 francs of penalty were inflicted
on 2335 individuals； 〃 abettors or accomplices。〃 … Ibid。； A F。；VI。；
1051。 （Report of Gen。 Lacoste on the department of Haute…Loire； Oct。
13； 1808。） 〃He always calculated in this department on the desertion
of one…half of the conscripts。 In most of the cantons the gendarmes
traffic with the conscription shamefully； certain conscripts pension
them to show them favors。〃 … Ibid。； A F。；VI。； 1052。 （Report by
Pelet； Jan。 12； 1812。） 〃The operation of the conscription has
improved （in the Herault）； the contingents of 1811 have been
furnished。 There remained 1800 refractory； or deserters of the
previous classes； 1600 have been arrested or made to surrender by the
flying column； 200 have still to be pursued。〃 Faber； … 〃Notice
（1807） sur l'intérieur de la France；〃 p。 141： 〃Desertion； especially
on the frontiers； is occasionally frightful； 80 deserters out of 160
have sometimes been arrested。〃 … Ibid。； p。149： It has been s