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head…clerks of the bureaus。 The Council of State served only to give
form to the decrees emanating from him； he ruled even in petty
details。 Everybody around him was timid and passive； his will was
regarded as that of an oracle and executed without reflection。 。 。 。
Self…isolated from other men； having concentrated in his own hands all
powers and all action； thoroughly convinced that another's light and
experience could be of no use to him； he thought that arms and hands
were all that he required。〃
＇56＇ 〃Souvenirs〃； by Pasquier （Etienne…Dennis； duc）； chancelier de
France。 In VI volumes； Librarie Plon； Paris 1893。 Vol I。 chap。 IX。
and X。 pp。 225…268。 （Admirable portraiture of his principal agents；
Cambacérès； Talleyrand； Maret； Cretet； Real； etc。） Lacuée； director of
the conscription； is a perfect type of the imperial functionary。
Having received the broad ribbon of the Legion d'Honneur； he
exclaimed； at the height of his enthusiasm： 〃what will not France
become under such a man？ To what degree of happiness and glory will it
not ascend； always provided the conscription furnishes him with
200；000 men a year！ And； indeed； that will not be difficult；
considering the extent of the empire。〃 … And likewise with Merlin de
Douai： 〃I never knew a man less endowed with the sentiment of the just
and the unjust； everything seems to him right and good； as the
consequences of a legal text。 He was even endowed with a kind of
satanic smile which involuntarily rose to his lips 。 。 。 every time
the opportunity occurred； when； in applying his odious science； he
reached the conclusion that severity is necessary or some
condemnation。〃 The same with Defermon； in fiscal matters
＇57＇ Madame de Rémusat； II。； 278； II。； 175。
＇58＇ Ibid。； III。； 275； II。； 45。 （Apropos of Savary； his most intimate
agent。）： 〃He is a man who must be constantly corrupted。〃
＇59＇ Ibid。； I。； 109； II。； 247； III。； 366。
＇60＇ 〃Madame de Rémusat；〃 II。； 142； 167； 245。 （Napoleon's own words。）
〃If I ordered Savary to rid himself of his wife and children； I am
sure he would not hesitate。〃 … Marmont； II。； 194： 〃We were at Vienna
in 1809。 Davoust said； speaking of his own and Maret's devotion： 〃If
the Emperor should say to us both； 'My political interests require the
destruction of Paris without any one escaping；' Maret would keep the
secret； I am sure； but nevertheless he could not help letting it be
known by getting his own family out。 I； rather than reveal it1 would
leave my wife and children there。〃 （These are bravado expressions；
wordy exaggerations； but significant。）
＇61＇ Madame de Rémusat； II。； 379。
＇62＇ Souvenirs du feu duc de Broglie；〃 I。； 230。 （Words of Maret； at
Dresden； in 1813； he probably repeats one of Napoleon's figures。）
＇63＇ Mollien； II。； 9。
＇64＇ D'Haussonville； 〃L'église Romaine et le premier Empire；〃VI。； 190；
and passim。
＇65＇ Ibid。； III。； 460…473。 … Cf。 on the same scene； 〃Souvenirs〃； by
Pasquier （Etienne…Dennis； duc）； Chancelier de France。 （He was both
witness and actor。）
＇66＇ An expression of Cambacérès。 M。 de Lavalette； II。； 154。
＇67＇ Madame de Rémusat； III。 184
＇68＇ 〃Souvenirs〃； by Pasquier； Librarie Plon； Paris 1893。…； I。； 521。
Details of the manufacture of counterfeit money； by order of Savary；
in an isolated building on the plain of Montrouge。 … Metternich； II。；
358。 （Words of Napoleon to M。 de Metternich）： 〃I had 300 millions of
banknotes of the Bank of Vienna all ready and was going to flood you
with them。〃 Ibid。； Correspondence of M。 de Metternich with M。 de
Champagny on this subject （June； 1810）。
＇69＇ 〃Souvenirs〃； by Pasquier； Librarie Plon； Paris 1893。 … Vol。 II。
p。 196。
＇70＇ Madame de Rémusat； II。； 335。
＇71＇ Madame de Rémusat； I。； 231。
＇72＇ Ibid。； 335。
＇73＇ M。 de Metternich； I。； 284。 〃One of those to whom he seemed the
most attached was Duroc。 'He loves me the same as a dog loves his
master；' is the phrase he made use of in speaking of him to me。 He
compared Berthier's sentiment for his person to that of a child's
nurse。 Far from being opposed to his theory of the motives
influencing men these sentiments were its natural consequence whenever
he came across sentiments to which he could not apply the theory of
calculation based on cold interest； he sought the cause of it in a
kind of instinct。〃
＇74＇ Beugnot； 〃Mémoires；〃 II。； 59。
＇75＇ 〃Mémorial。〃 〃If I had returned victorious from Moscow； I would
have brought the Pope not to regret temporal power： I would have
converted him into an idol。 。 。 I would have directed the religious
world as well as the political world。 。 。 My councils would have
represented Christianity； and the Pope would have only been president
of them。〃
＇76＇ De Ségur； III。； 312。 （In Spain； 1809。）
＇77＇ 〃Mémoires du Prince Eugène。〃 （Letters of Napoleon； August； 1806。）
＇78＇ Letter of Napoleon to Fouché； March 3； 1810。 （Left out in the
〃Correspondance de Napoléon I。；〃 and published by M。 Thiers in
〃Histoire du Consulat et de l'Empire； XII。； p。 115。
＇79＇ De Ségur； III。； 459。
＇80＇ Words of Napoleon to Marmont； who； after three months in the
hospital； returns to him in Spain with a broken arm and his hand in a
black sling： 〃You hold on to that rag then？〃 Sainte…Beuve； who loves
the truth as it really is； quotes the words as they came； which
Marmont dared not reproduce。 （Causeries du Lundi； VI。； 16。） …
〃Souvenirs〃； by Pasquier； Librarie Plon； Paris 1893： 〃M。 de Champagny
having been dismissed and replaced； a courageous friend defended him
and insisted on his merit： 〃You are right；〃 said the Emperor； 〃he had
some when I took him； but by cramming him too full； I have made him
stupid。〃
＇81＇ Beugnot； I。； 456； 464
＇82＇ Mme。 de Rémusat； II。； 272。
＇83＇ M。 de Champagny； 〃Souvenirs；〃 117。
＇84＇ Madame de Rémusat； I。； 125。
＇85＇ De Ségur； III。； 456。
＇86＇ 〃The Ancient Regime；〃 p。 125。 … 〃？uvres de Louis XIV。；〃 191：
〃If there is any peculiar characteristic of this monarchy； it is the
free and easy access of the subjects to the king； it an egalité de
justice between both； and which； so to say； maintains both in a genial
and honest companionship； in spite of the almost infinite distance in
birth； rank； and power。 This agreeable society； which enables persons
of the Court to associate familiarly with us； impresses them and
charms them more than one can tell。〃
＇87＇ Madame de Rémusat； II。； 32； 39。
＇88＇ Madame de Rémusat； III。； 169。
＇89＇ Ibid。； II。； 32； 223； 240； 259； III。； 169。
＇90＇ Ibid。； I。； 112； II。； 77。
＇91＇ M。 de Metternich； I。； 286。 … 〃It would be difficult to imagine
any greater awkwardness than that of Napoleon in a drawing…room。 …
Varnhagen von Ense； 〃Ausgew？hlte Schriften；〃 III。； 177。 （Audience of
July 10； 1810）： 〃I never heard a harsher voice； one so inflexible。
When he smiled； it was only with the mouth and a portion of the
chee