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Thus the City first presented itself to the eye； with its stern to the east； and its prow to the west。 Turning towards the prow； one had before one an innumerable flock of ancient roofs； over which arched broadly the lead…covered apse of the Sainte…Chapelle； like an elephant's haunches loaded with its tower。 Only here； this tower was the most audacious； the most open； the most ornamented spire of cabinet…maker's work that ever let the sky peep through its cone of lace。 In front of Notre…Dame； and very near at hand； three streets opened into the cathedral square；a fine square； lined with ancient houses。 Over the south side of this place bent the wrinkled and sullen fa？ade of the H？tel Dieu； and its roof； which seemed covered with warts and pustules。 Then； on the right and the left； to east and west； within that wall of the City； which was yet so contracted； rose the bell towers of its one and twenty churches； of every date； of every form； of every size； from the low and wormeaten belfry of Saint…Denis du Pas （~Carcer Glaueini~） to the slender needles of Saint…Pierre aux Boeufs and Saint…Landry。
Behind Notre…Dame； the cloister and its Gothic galleries spread out towards the north； on the south； the half…Roman palace of the bishop； on the east； the desert point of the Terrain。 In this throng of houses the eye also distinguished； by the lofty open…work mitres of stone which then crowned the roof itself； even the most elevated windows of the palace； the H？tel given by the city； under Charles VI。； to Juvénal des Ursins； a little farther on； the pitch…covered sheds of the Palus Market； in still another quarter the new apse of Saint… Germain le Vieux； lengthened in 1458； with a bit of the Rue aux Febves； and then； in places； a square crowded with people； a pillory； erected at the corner of a street； a fine fragment of the pavement of Philip Augustus； a magnificent flagging； grooved for the horses' feet； in the middle of the road； and so badly replaced in the sixteenth century by the miserable cobblestones； called the 〃pavement of the League；〃 a deserted back courtyard； with one of those diaphanous staircase turrets； such as were erected in the fifteenth century； one of which is still to be seen in the Rue des Bourdonnais。 Lastly； at the right of the Sainte…Chapelle； towards the west； the Palais de Justice rested its group of towers at the edge of the water。 The thickets of the king's gardens； which covered the western point of the City； masked the Island du Passeur。 As for the water； from the summit of the towers of Notre…Dame one hardly saw it； on either side of the City； the Seine was hidden by bridges； the bridges by houses。
And when the glance passed these bridges； whose roofs were visibly green； rendered mouldy before their time by the vapors from the water； if it was directed to the left； towards the University； the first edifice which struck it was a large； low sheaf of towers； the Petit…Chàtelet； whose yawning gate devoured the end of the Petit…Pont。 Then； if your view ran along the bank； from east to west； from the Tournelle to the Tour de Nesle； there was a long cordon of houses； with carved beams； stained…glass windows； each story projecting over that beneath it； an interminable zigzag of bourgeois gables； frequently interrupted by the mouth of a street； and from time to time also by the front or angle of a huge stone mansion； planted at its ease； with courts and gardens； wings and detached buildings； amid this populace of crowded and narrow houses； like a grand gentleman among a throng of rustics。 There were five or six of these mansions on the quay； from the house of Lorraine； which shared with the Bernardins the grand enclosure adjoining the Tournelle； to the H？tel de Nesle； whose principal tower ended Paris； and whose pointed roofs were in a position； during three months of the year； to encroach； with their black triangles； upon the scarlet disk of the setting sun。
This side of the Seine was； however； the least mercantile of the two。 Students furnished more of a crowd and more noise there than artisans； and there was not； properly speaking； any quay； except from the Pont Saint…Michel to the Tour de Nesle。 The rest of the bank of the Seine was now a naked strand； the same as beyond the Bernardins； again； a throng of houses； standing with their feet in the water； as between the two bridges。
There was a great uproar of laundresses； they screamed； and talked； and sang from morning till night along the beach； and beat a great deal of linen there； just as in our day。 This is not the least of the gayeties of Paris。
The University presented a dense mass to the eye。 From one end to the other； it was homogeneous and compact。 The thousand roofs； dense； angular； clinging to each other； composed； nearly all； of the same geometrical element； offered； when viewed from above； the aspect of a crystallization of the same substance。
The capricious ravine of streets did not cut this block of houses into too disproportionate slices。 The forty…two colleges were scattered about in a fairly equal manner； and there were some everywhere。 The amusingly varied crests of these beautiful edifices were the product of the same art as the simple roofs which they overshot； and were； actually； only a multiplication of the square or the cube of the same geometrical figure。 Hence they complicated the whole effect； without disturbing it； completed； without overloading it。 Geometry is harmony。 Some fine mansions here and there made magnificent outlines against the picturesque attics of the left bank。 The house of Nevers； the house of Rome； the house of Reims； which have disappeared； the H？tel de Cluny； which still exists； for the consolation of the artist； and whose tower was so stupidly deprived of its crown a few years ago。 Close to Cluny； that Roman palace； with fine round arches； were once the hot baths of Julian。 There were a great many abbeys； of a beauty more devout； of a grandeur more solemn than the mansions； but not less beautiful； not less grand。 Those which first caught the eye were the Bernardins； with their three bell towers； Sainte…Geneviève； whose square tower； which still exists； makes us regret the rest； the Sorbonne； half college； half monastery； of which so admirable a nave survives； the fine quadrilateral cloister of the Mathurins； its neighbor； the cloister of Saint…Benoit； within whose walls they have had time to cobble up a theatre； between the seventh and eighth editions of this book； the Cordeliers； with their three enormous adjacent gables； the Augustins； whose graceful spire formed； after the Tour de Nesle； the second denticulation on this side of Paris； starting from the west。 The colleges； which are； in fact； the intermediate ring between the cloister and the world； hold the middle position in the monumental series between the H？tels and the abbeys； with a severity full of elegance； sculpture less giddy than the palaces； an architecture less severe than the convents。 Unfortunately； hardly anything remains of these monuments； where Gothic art combined with so just a balance； richness and economy。 The churches （and they were numerous and splendid in the University； and they were graded there