按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
rsons who have been subjected to prolonged emotional strain； since it has been proved that the prolonged administration of adrenalin will cause these conditions。 We have stated that the emotions cause increased output of glycogen。 Glycogen is a step toward diabetes； and therefore this disease； too； is prone to appear in persons under emotional strain。 It is most common in those races which are especially emotional in character； so we are not surprised to find it especially prevalent among Jews。 So common is this particular result of prolonged emotion that some one has said； 〃When the stocks go down in New York； diabetes goes up。〃 Nephritis； also； may result from emotional stress； because of the strain put upon the kidneys by the unconsumed activating substances。 The increased heart action and the presence of these activating secretions may cause myocarditis and heart degeneration。 Claudication also may result from the impaired circulation。
The emotions may cause an inhibition of the digestive secretions and of intestinal peristalsis。 This means that the digestive processes are arrested； that putrefaction and autointoxication will result； and that still further strain will thus be put upon the organs of elimination。 Who has not observed in himself and in others when under the influence of fear； anger； jealousy； or grief that the digestive processes and general well…being are rapidly and materially altered； while as tranquillity； peace； and happiness return the physical state improves accordingly？
Dentists testify that as a result of continued strong emotion the character of the saliva changes； pyorrhea develops； and the teeth decay rapidly。 Every one knows that strong emotion may cause the hair to fall out and to become prematurely gray。
As to the most important organ of allthe brainevery one is conscious of its impaired efficiency under emotional strain； and laboratory researches show that the deficiency is accounted for by actual cell deterioration； so the individual who day by day is under heavy emotional strain finds himself losing strength slowly especially do his friends note it。 By summation of stimuli his threshold becomes lowered until stimuli； which under normal conditions would be of no effect； produce undue responses。 〃The grasshopper becomes a burden；〃 and prolonged rest and change of environmental conditions are necessary for restoration。
If in a long emotional strain the brain is beaten down； if the number of 〃low…efficiency〃 cells increases； the driving power of the brain is correspondingly lessened and therefore the various organs of the body may escape through the very inefficiency of the brain to produce in them forced activity。 On the other hand； if the brain remains vigorous； the kidneys may take the strain and break down； if the kidneys do not break； the blood…vessels may harden； if the blood…vessels are not affected； the thyroid may become hyperplastic and produce Graves' disease； if the thyroid escapes； diabetes may develop； while if the iron constitution of the mechanism can successfully bear the strain in all its parts； then the individual will break his competitors； and their mechanisms will suffer in the struggle。
This whole train of deleterious results of body activation without action may be best observed and studied in that most emotional of diseasesexophthalmic goiter。 In this disease the constantly stimulated distance ceptors dispossess the contact ceptors from the common path； and drive the motor mechanism to its own destruction； and the patient has the appearance of a person in great terror； or of a runner approaching the end of a Marathon race （Figs。 16 and 48 to 54）。
Exophthalmic goiter may result from long emotional or mental stress in those cases in which the thyroid takes the brunt of the strain upon the mechanism。 As adrenalin increases blood…pressure； so thyroid secretion increases brain activity； and increased brain activity in turn causes an increased activation of the motor mechanism as a whole。
We know that a deficiency or lack of thyroid secretion will inhibit sexual emotion and conception； will produce stupidity and inertia； will diminish vitality。 On the other hand； excessive thyroid secretion drives the entire mechanism at top speed； the emotions are intensified； the skin becomes soft and moist； the eyes are brilliant and staring； the limbs tremble； the heart pounds loudly and its pulsations often are visible； the respiration is rapid； the stimulation of the fear mechanism causes the eyes to protrude （Fig。 16）； the temperature mounts at every slight provoca…tion and may reach the incredible height of 110'0 even。 In time； the entire organism is destroyed literally consumedby the concentration of dynamic energy。 It is interesting to note that in these patients emotion gains complete possession of the final common path； they are wild and delirious but they never have pain。
All the diseases caused by excessive motor activity may be called kinetic diseases。 Against the conditions in life which produce them man reacts in various ways。 He intro…
｛illust。 caption = FIG。 51。CROSS…COUNTRY RACE。 Winner of six…mile cross…country race showing typical expression of exhaustion。 （Copyright by Underwood and Underwood； N。 Y。） duces restful variety into his life by hunting and fishing； by playing golf and tennis； by horseback riding； by cultivating hobbies which effectually。 turn the current of his thoughts｛illust。 caption = FIG。 52。｛A B and C｝ from the consuming stress and strain of his business or professional life。 These diversions are all rational attempts to relieve tension by self…preservative reactions。 For the same reason man attempts to relieve the strain of contention with his fellow…man by unions； trusts； corporations。 In spite of all efforts； however； many constitutions are still broken daily in the fierce conflicts of competition。 We know how often the overdriven individual endeavors to minimize the activities of his motor mechanism by the use of agents which diminish brain activity； such as alcohol； tobacco； and various narcotics。 Occasionally also； some person； who can find no respite from his own relentless energies； seeks relief in oblivion by suicide。
Most fortunately； two fundamental instinctsself…preservation and the propagation of the speciesact powerfully to prevent this last fatal result； and instead the harassed individual seeks from others the aid which is lacking within himself。 He may turn to the priest who seeks and often secures the final common path for faith in an over…ruling Providence； a faith which in many incontrovertible instances has proved sufficient in very truth to move mountains of lesser stimuli； or he turns to a physician； who too often treats the final outcome of the hyperactivity only。 The physician who accepts the theory of the kinetic diseases； however； will not only repair as far as he may the lesions caused by the disordered and forced activities； but will； by compelling and forceful suggestion； secure the final common path for right conduct； that is； for a self… and species…preservative course of action as opposed to wrong conduct…a self… and species…destructive course of action。
By forcefully imparti