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medical essays-第14章

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 this strength; it is ready to employ in the further solutions and dilutions to be made use of in practice。

A grain of the powder is to be taken; a hundred drops of alcohol are to be poured on it; the vial is to be slowly turned for a few minutes; until the powder is dissolved; and two shakes are to be given to it。  On this point I will quote Hahnemann's own words。 〃A long experience and multiplied observations upon the sick lead me within the last few years to prefer giving only two shakes to medicinal liquids; whereas I formerly used to give ten。〃  The process of dilution is carried on in the same way as the attenuation of the powder was done; each successive dilution with alcohol reducing the medicine to a hundredth part of the quantity of that which preceded it。  In this way the dilution of the original millionth of a grain of medicine contained in the grain of powder operated on is carried successively to the billionth; trillionth; quadrillionth; quintillionth; and very often much higher fractional divisions。  A dose of any of these medicines is a minute fraction of a drop; obtained by moistening with them one or more little globules of sugar; of which Hahnemann says it takes about two hundred to weigh a grain。

As an instance of the strength of the medicines prescribed by Hahnemann; I will mention carbonate of lime。  He does not employ common chalk; but prefers a little portion of the friable part of an oystershell。  Of this substance; carried to the sextillionth degree; so much as one or two globules of the size mentioned can convey is a common dose。  But for persons of very delicate nerves it is proper that the dilution should be carried to the decillionth degree。  That is; an important medicinal effect is to be expected from the two hundredth or hundredth part of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of the millionth of a grain of oyster…shell。  This is only the tenth degree of potency; but some of his disciples profess to have obtained palpable effects from much higher dilutions。〃

The third great doctrine of Hahnemann is the following。  Seven eighths at least of all chronic diseases are produced by the existence in the system of that infectious disorder known in the language of science by the appellation of PSORA; but to the less refined portion of the community by the name of ITCH。  In the words of Hahnemann's 〃Organon;〃  〃This Psora is the sole true and fundamental cause that produces all the other countless forms of disease; which; under the names of nervous debility; hysteria; hypochondriasis; insanity; melancholy; idiocy; madness; epilepsy; and spasms of all kinds; softening of the bones; or rickets; scoliosis and cyphosis; caries; cancer; fungua haematodes; gout;yellow jaundice and cyanosis; dropsy;

'〃The degrees of DILUTION must not be confounded with those of POTENCY。  Their relations may be seen by this table:

lst dilution;One hundredth of a drop or grain。

2d       〃      One ten thousandth。

3d       〃      One millionth; marked I。

4th      〃      One hundred millionth。

5th      〃      One ten thousand millionth。

6th      〃      One million millionth; or one billionth; marked II。

7th      〃      One hundred billionth。

8th      〃      One ten thousand billionth。

9th      〃      One million billionth; or one trillionth; marked III。

10th     〃      One hundred trillionth。

11th     〃      One ten thousand trillionth。

12th     〃      One million trillionth; or one quadrillionth; marked                 IV。;and so on indefinitely。


The large figures denote the degrees of POTENCY。'



gastralgia; epistaxis; haemoptysis;asthma and suppuration of the lungs;megrim; deafness; cataract and amaurosis;paralysis; loss of sense; pains of every kind; etc。; appear in our pathology as so many peculiar; distinct; and independent diseases。〃

For the last three centuries; if the same authority may be trusted; under the influence of the more refined personal habits which have prevailed; and the application of various external remedies which repel the affection from the skin; Psora has revealed itself in these numerous forms of internal disease; instead of appearing; as in former periods; under the aspect of an external malady。

These are the three cardinal doctrines of Hahnemann; as laid down in those standard works of Homoeopathy; the 〃Organon〃 and the 〃Treatise on Chronic Diseases。〃

Several other principles may be added; upon all of which he insists with great force; and which are very generally received by his disciples。

1。  Very little power is allowed to the curative efforts of nature。 Hahnemann goes so far as to say that no one has ever seen the simple efforts of nature effect the durable recovery of a patient from a chronic disease。  In general; the Homoeopathist calls every recovery which happens under his treatment a cure。

2。  Every medicinal substance must be administered in a state of the most perfect purity; and uncombined with any other。  The union of several remedies in a single prescription destroys its utility; and; according to the 〃Organon;〃 frequently adds a new disease。

3。  A large number of substances commonly thought to be inert develop great medicinal powers when prepared in the manner already described; and a great proportion of them are ascertained to have specific antidotes in case their excessive effects require to be neutralized。

4。  Diseases should be recognized; as far as possible; not by any of the common names imposed upon them; as fever or epilepsy; but as individual collections of symptoms; each of which differs from every other collection。

5。  The symptoms of any complaint must be described with the most minute exactness; and so far as possible in the patient's own words。 To illustrate the kind of circumstances the patient is expected to record; I will mention one or two from the 313th page of the 〃Treatise on Chronic Diseases;〃being the first one at which I opened accidentally。

〃After dinner; disposition to sleep; the patient winks。〃

〃After dinner; prostration and feeling of weakness (nine days after taking the remedy)。〃

This remedy was that same oyster…shell which is to be prescribed 〃fractions of the sextillionth or decillionth degree。  According to Hahnemann; the action of a single dose of the size mentioned does not fully display itself in some cases until twenty…four or even thirty days after it is taken; and in such instances has not exhausted its good effects until towards the fortieth or fiftieth day;before which time it would be absurd and injurious to administer a new remedy。

So much for the doctrines of Hahnemann; which have been stated without comment; or exaggeration of any of their features; very much as any adherent of his opinions might have stated them; if obliged to compress them into so narrow a space。

Does Hahnemann himself represent Homoeopathy as it now exists?  He certainly ought to be its best representative; after having created it; and devoted his life to it for half a century。  He is spoken of as the great physician of the time; in most; if not all Homoeopathic works。  If h
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