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Society。 His most important work is the Diary； valuable for the
full account which it gives of the manners and customs of the time。
＇42＇
The Restoration： In English history the re…establishing of the
English monarchy with the return of King Charles II in 1660； by
extension the whole reign of Charles II： as； the dramatists of the
Restoration。 Century Dictionary。
＇43＇
Aladdin's lamps： a reference to the story of the Wonderful Lamp in
the Arabian Nights。 The magic lamp brought marvelous good fortune
to the poor widow's son who possessed it。 Cf。 also Lowell's
Aladdin：
When I was a beggarly boy；
And lived in a cellar damp；
I had not a friend or a toy；
But I had Aladdin's lamp；
When I could not sleep for the cold；
I had fire enough in my brain；
And builded； with roofs of gold；
My beautiful castles in Spain！
＇44＇
〃When in heaven the stars〃： from Tennyson's Specimens of a
Translation of the Iliad in Blank Verse。
＇45＇
〃increasing God's honour and bettering man's estate〃： Bacon's
statement of his purpose in writing the Advancement of Learning。
＇46＇
For example； etc。： could the sentence beginning thus be written in
better form？
＇47＇
Rumford （1738…1814）： Benjamin Thompson； Count Rumford； an eminent
scientist。 Rumford was born in America and educated at Harvard。
Suspected of loyalty to the King at the time of the revolution； he
was imprisoned。 Acquitted； he went to England where he became
prominent in politics and science。 Invested with the title of
Count by the Holy Roman Empire； he chose Rumford for his title
after the name of the little New Hampshire town where he had
taught。 He gave a large sum of money to Harvard College to found
the Rumford professorship of science。
＇48＇
eccentric： out of the centre。
A LIBERAL EDUCATION （1868）
＇49＇
A Liberal Education： from Science and Education； also published in
Lay Sermons； Addresses and Reviews。
＇50＇
Ichabod： cf。 1 Sam。 iv； 21。
＇51＇
senior wranglership： in Cambridge University； England； one who has
attained the first class in the elementary division of the public
examination for honors in pure and mixed mathematics； commonly
called the mathematical tripos； those who compose the second rank
of honors being designated senior optimes； and those of the third
order junior optimes。 The student taking absolutely the first
place in the mathematical tripos used to be called senior wrangler；
those following next in the same division being respectively termed
second； third； fourth； etc。； wranglers。 Century Dictionary。
＇52＇
double…first： any candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in
Oxford University who takes first…class honors in both classics and
mathematics is said to have won a double…first。
＇53＇
Retzsch （1779…1857）： a well…known German painter and engraver。
＇54＇
Test…Act： an English statute of 1673。 It compelled all persons
holding office under the crown to take the oaths of supremacy and
of allegiance； to receive the sacrament according to the usage of
the Church of England； and to subscribe to the Declaration against
Transubstantiation。
＇55＇
Poll： an abbreviation and transliteration of ＇Greek words＇； 〃the
mob〃； university slang for the whole body of students taking merely
the degree of Bachelor of Arts； at Cambridge。
＇56＇
pluck： the rejection of a student； after examinations； who does not
come up to the standard。
ON A PIECE OF CHALK
＇57＇
On a Piece of Chalk： a lecture to working…men from Lay Sermons；
Addresses and Reviews。
＇58＇
Needles of the Isle of Wight： the needles are three white； pointed
rocks of chalk； resting on dark…colored bases； and rising abruptly
from the sea to a height of 100 feet。 Baedeker's Great Britain。
＇59＇
Lulworth in Dorset； to Flamborough Head： Lulworth is on the
southern coast of England； west of the Isle of Wight： Flamborough
Head is on the northeastern coast of England and extends into the
German Ocean。
＇60＇
Weald： a name given to an oval…shaped chalk area in England；
beginning near the Straits of Dover； and extending into the
counties of Kent； Surrey； Hants； and Sussex。
＇61＇
Lieut。 Brooke： Brooke devised an apparatus for deep…sea sounding
from which the weight necessary to sink the instrument rapidly； was
detached when it reached the bottom。 The object was to relieve the
strain on the rope caused by rapid soundings。 Improved apparatuses
have been invented since the time of Brooke。
＇62＇
Ehrenberg （1795…1876）： a German naturalist noted for his studies of
Infusoria。
＇63＇
Bailey of West Point （1811…1857）： an American naturalist noted for
his researches in microscopy。
＇64＇
enterprise of laying down the telegraph…cable： the first Atlantic
telegraph…cable between England and America was laid in 1858 by
Cyrus W。 Field of New York。 Messages were sent over it for a few
weeks； then it ceased to act。 A permanent cable was laid by Mr。
Field in 1866。
＇65＇
Dr。 Wallich （1786…1854）： a Danish botanist and member of the Royal
Society。
＇66＇
Mr。 Sorby： President of the Geological Society of England； and
author of many papers on subjects connected with physical
geography。
＇67＇
Sir Charles Lyell （1797…1875）： a British geologist； and one of the
first to uphold Darwin's Origin of Species。
＇68＇
Echinus： the sea…urchin； an animal which dwells in a spheroidal
shell built up from polygonal plates； and covered with sharp
spines。
＇69＇
Somme： a river of northern France which flows into the English
Channel northeast of Dieppe。
＇70＇
the chipped flints of Hoxne and Amiens： the rude instruments which
were made by primitive man were of chipped flint。 Numerous
discoveries of large flint implements have been made in the north
of France； near Amiens； and in England。 The first noted flint
implements were discovered in Hoxne； Suffolk； England； 1797。 Cf。
Evans' Ancient Stone Implements and Lyell's Antiquity of Man。
＇71＇
Rev。 Mr。 Gunn （1800…1881）： an English naturalist。 Mr。 Gunn sent
from Tasmania a large number of plants and animals now in the
British Museum。
＇72＇
〃the whirligig of time〃： cf。 Shakespeare； Twelfth Night； Act V； se。
I； l。 395。
＇73＇
Euphrates and Hiddekel： cf。 Genesis ii； 14。
＇74＇
the great river； the river of Babylon： cf。 Genesis xv； 18
＇75＇
Without haste； but without rest： from Goethe's Zahme Xenien。 In a
letter to his sister； Huxley says： 〃And then perhaps by the
following of my favorite motto；
〃'Wie das Gestirn；
Ohne Hast；
Ohne Rast'
something may be done； and some of Sister Lizzie's fond
imaginations turn out not altogether untrue。〃 The quotation entire
is as follows：
Wie das Gestirn；
Ohne Hast；
Aber ohne Rast；
Drehe sich jeder
Um die eigne Last。
THE PRINCIPAL SUBJECTS OF EDUCATION （1882）