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The undeveloped reasoning faculty is prone to attach an undue value and meaning to the forms of things； and the infancy of a nation's mind is always more ready to worship the MANIFESTATIONS of a Power； than to look beyond them for a cause。 Was it not natural then that these northerns； dwelling in daily communion with this grand Nature； should fancy they could perceive a mysterious and independent energy in her operations； and at last come to confound the moral contest man feels within him； with the physical strife he finds around him； to see in the returning sunfostering into renewed existence the winter…stifled worldeven more than a TYPE of that spiritual consciousness which alone can make the dead heart stir； to discover even more than an ANALOGY between the reign of cold； darkness； and desolation； and the still blanker ruin of a sin…perverted soul？ But in that iron clime； amid such awful associations； the conflict going on was too terriblethe contending powers too visibly in presence of each other； for the practical； conscientious Norse mind to be content with the puny godships of a Roman Olympus。 Nectar； Sensuality； and Inextinguishable Laughter were elements of felicity too mean for the nobler atmosphere of their Walhalla； and to those active temperaments and healthy minds；invigorated and solemnized by the massive mould of the scenery around them；Strength； Courage； Endurance； and above all Self…sacrificenaturally seemed more essential attributes of divinity than mere elegance and beauty。 And we must remember that whilst the vigorous imagination of the north was delighting itself in creating a stately dreamland； where it strove to blend； in a grand world…picturealways harmonious； though not always consistentthe influences which sustain both the physical and moral system of its universe； an undercurrent of sober Gothic common sense induced itas a kind of protest against the too material interpretation of the symbolism it had employedto wind up its religious scheme by sweeping into the chaos of oblivion all the glorious fabric it had evoked； and proclaimingin the place of the transient gods and perishable heaven of its Asgaardthat One undivided Deity； at whose approach the pillars of Walhalla were to fall； and Odin and his peers to perish； with all the subtle machinery of their existence； while manhimself immortalwas summoned to receive at the hands of the Eternal All…Father the sentence that waited upon his deeds。 It is true this purer system belonged only to the early ages。 As in the case of every false religion； the symbolism of the Scandinavian mythology lost with each succeeding generation something of its transparency； and at last degenerated into a gross superstition。 But traces still remained； even down to the times of Christian ascendency； of the deep； philosophical spirit in which it had been originally conceived； and through its homely imagery there ran a vein of tender humour； such as still characterises the warm…hearted； laughter…loving northern races。 Of this mixture of philosophy and fun； the following story is no bad specimen。 ＇Footnote： The story of Thor's journey has been translated from the Edda both by the Howitts and Mr。 Thorpe。＇
Once on a time the two OEsir； Thor； the Thunder god； and his brother Lopt； attended by a servant； determined to go eastward to Jotunheim； the land of the giants； in search of adventures。 Crossing over a great water； they came to a desolate plain； at whose further end； tossing and waving in the wind； rose the tree tops of a great forest。 After journeying for many hours along its dusty labyrinths； they began to be anxious about a resting…place for the night。 〃At last； Lopt perceived a very spacious house； on one side of which was an entrance as wide as the house itself； and there they took up their night…quarters。 At midnight they perceived a great earthquake； the ground reeled under them and the house shook。
〃Then up rose Thor and called to his companions。 They sought about； and found a side building to the right； into which they went。 Thor placed himself at the door； the rest went and sat down further in； and were very much afraid。
〃Thor kept his hammer in his hand； ready to defend them。 Then they heard a terrible noise and roaring。 As it began to dawn； Thor went out； and saw a man lying in the wood not far from them； he was by no means small； and he slept and snored loudly。 Then Thor understood what the noise was which they heard in the night。 He buckled on his belt of power； by which he increased his divine strength。 At the same instant the man awoke； and rose up。 It is said that Thor was so much astonished that he did not dare to slay him with his hammer； but inquired his name。 He called himself Skrymer。 'Thy name；' said he； 'I need not ask； for I know that thou art Asar…Thor。 But what hast thou done with my glove？'
〃Skrymer stooped and took up his glove； and Thor saw that it was the house in which they had passed the night； and that the out…building was the thumb。〃
Here follow incidents which do not differ widely from certain passages in the history of Jack the Giant Killer。 Thor makes three several attempts to knock out the easy… going giant's brains during a slumber； in which he is represented as 〃snoring outrageously；〃and after each blow of the Thunder god's hammer； Skrymer merely wakes upstrokes his beardand complains of feeling some trifling inconvenience； such as a dropped acorn on his head； a fallen leaf； or a little moss shaken from the boughs。 Finally； he takes leave of them；points out the way to Utgard Loke's palace； advises them not to give themselves airs at his court；as unbecoming 〃such little fellows〃 as they were； and disappears in the wood； 〃and〃as the old chronicler slyly adds〃it is not said whether the OEsir wished ever to see him again。〃
They then journey on till noon； till they come to a vast palace； where a multitude of men； of whom the greater number were immensely large； sat on two benches。 〃After this they advanced into the presence of the king； Utgard Loke； and saluted him。 He scarcely deigned to give a look； and said smiling： 'It is late to inquire after true tidings from a great distance； but is it not Thor that I see？ Yet you are really bigger than I imagined。 What are the exploits that you can perform？ For no one is tolerated amongst us who cannot distinguish himself by some art or accomplishment。'
〃'Then；' said Lopt； 'I understand an art of which I am prepared to give proof； and that is； that no one here can dispose of his food as I can。' Then answered Utgard Loke： 'Truly this IS an art； if thou canst achieve it； which we will now see。' He called from the bench a man named Loge to contend with Lopt。 They set a trough in the middle of the hall； filled with meat。 Lopt placed himself at one end and Loge at the other。 Both ate the best they could； and they met in the middle of the trough。 Lopt had picked the meat from the bones； but Loge had eaten meat； bones； and trough altogether。 All agreed Lopt was beaten。 Then asked Utgard Loke what art the young man （Thor's attendant） understood？ Thjalfe answered； that he would run a race with any one that Utgard Loke would appoint。 There was a very good race ground on a level field。 Ut