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Of Tartarus； the black。 For stuff must be；
That thus the after…generations grow；…
Though these； their life completed； follow thee；
And thus like thee are generations all…
Already fallen； or some time to fall。
So one thing from another rises ever；
And in fee…simple life is given to none；
But unto all mere usufruct。
Look back：
Nothing to us was all fore…passed eld
Of time the eternal； ere we had a birth。
And Nature holds this like a mirror up
Of time…to…be when we are dead and gone。
And what is there so horrible appears？
Now what is there so sad about it all？
Is't not serener far than any sleep？
And； verily； those tortures said to be
In Acheron； the deep； they all are ours
Here in this life。 No Tantalus； benumbed
With baseless terror； as the fables tell；
Fears the huge boulder hanging in the air：
But； rather； in life an empty dread of Gods
Urges mortality； and each one fears
Such fall of fortune as may chance to him。
Nor eat the vultures into Tityus
Prostrate in Acheron； nor can they find；
Forsooth； throughout eternal ages； aught
To pry around for in that mighty breast。
However hugely he extend his bulk…
Who hath for outspread limbs not acres nine；
But the whole earth… he shall not able be
To bear eternal pain nor furnish food
From his own frame forever。 But for us
A Tityus is he whom vultures rend
Prostrate in love； whom anxious anguish eats；
Whom troubles of any unappeased desires
Asunder rip。 We have before our eyes
Here in this life also a Sisyphus
In him who seeketh of the populace
The rods； the axes fell； and evermore
Retires a beaten and a gloomy man。
For to seek after power… an empty name；
Nor given at all… and ever in the search
To endure a world of toil； O this it is
To shove with shoulder up the hill a stone
Which yet comes rolling back from off the top；
And headlong makes for levels of the plain。
Then to be always feeding an ingrate mind；
Filling with good things； satisfying never…
As do the seasons of the year for us；
When they return and bring their progenies
And varied charms； and we are never filled
With the fruits of life… O this； I fancy； 'tis
To pour； like those young virgins in the tale；
Waters into a sieve； unfilled forever。
。 。 。 。 。 。
Cerberus and Furies； and that Lack of Light
。 。 。 。 。 。
Tartarus； out…belching from his mouth the surge
Of horrible heat… the which are nowhere； nor
Indeed can be： but in this life is fear
Of retributions just and expiations
For evil acts： the dungeon and the leap
From that dread rock of infamy； the stripes；
The executioners； the oaken rack；
The iron plates； bitumen； and the torch。
And even though these are absent； yet the mind；
With a fore…fearing conscience； plies its goads
And burns beneath the lash； nor sees meanwhile
What terminus of ills； what end of pine
Can ever be； and feareth lest the same
But grow more heavy after death。 Of truth；
The life of fools is Acheron on earth。
This also to thy very self sometimes
Repeat thou mayst： 〃Lo； even good Ancus left
The sunshine with his eyes； in divers things
A better man than thou； O worthless hind；
And many other kings and lords of rule
Thereafter have gone under； once who swayed
O'er mighty peoples。 And he also； he…
Who whilom paved a highway down the sea；
And gave his legionaries thoroughfare
Along the deep； and taught them how to cross
The pools of brine afoot； and did contemn；
Trampling upon it with his cavalry；
The bellowings of ocean… poured his soul
From dying body； as his light was ta'en。
And Scipio's son； the thunderbolt of war；
Horror of Carthage； gave his bones to earth；
Like to the lowliest villein in the house。
Add finders…out of sciences and arts；
Add comrades of the Heliconian dames；
Among whom Homer； sceptered o'er them all；
Now lies in slumber sunken with the rest。
Then； too； Democritus； when ripened eld
Admonished him his memory waned away；
Of own accord offered his head to death。
Even Epicurus went； his light of life
Run out； the man in genius who o'er…topped
The human race； extinguishing all others；
As sun； in ether arisen； all the stars。
Wilt thou； then； dally； thou complain to go？…
For whom already life's as good as dead；
Whilst yet thou livest and lookest？… who in sleep
Wastest thy life… time's major part； and snorest
Even when awake； and ceasest not to see
The stuff of dreams； and bearest a mind beset
By baseless terror； nor discoverest oft
What's wrong with thee； when； like a sotted wretch；
Thou'rt jostled along by many crowding cares；
And wanderest reeling round； with mind aswim。〃
If men； in that same way as on the mind
They feel the load that wearies with its weight；
Could also know the causes whence it comes；
And why so great the heap of ill on heart；
O not in this sort would they live their life；
As now so much we see them； knowing not
What 'tis they want； and seeking ever and ever
A change of place； as if to drop the burden。
The man who sickens of his home goes out；
Forth from his splendid halls； and straight… returns；
Feeling i'faith no better off abroad。
He races； driving his Gallic ponies along；
Down to his villa； madly；… as in haste
To hurry help to a house afire。… At once
He yawns； as soon as foot has touched the threshold；
Or drowsily goes off in sleep and seeks
Forgetfulness； or maybe bustles about
And makes for town again。 In such a way
Each human flees himself… a self in sooth；
As happens； he by no means can escape；
And willy…nilly he cleaves to it and loathes；
Sick； sick； and guessing not the cause of ail。
Yet should he see but that； O chiefly then；
Leaving all else； he'd study to divine
The nature of things； since here is in debate
Eternal time and not the single hour；
Mortal's estate in whatsoever remains
After great death。
And too； when all is said；
What evil lust of life is this so great
Subdues us to live； so dreadfully distraught
In perils and alarms？ one fixed end
Of life abideth for mortality；
Death's not to shun； and we must go to meet。
Besides we're busied with the same devices；
Ever and ever； and we are at them ever；
And there's no new delight that may be forged
By living on。 But whilst the thing we long for
Is lacking； that seems good above all else；
Thereafter； when we've touched it； something else
We long for； ever one equal thirst of life
Grips us agape。 And doubtful 'tis what fortune
The future times may carry； or what be
That chance may bring； or what the issue next
Awaiting us。 Nor by prolonging life
Take we the least away from death's own time；
Nor can we pluck one moment off； whereby
To minish the aeons of our state of death。
Therefore； O man； by living on； fulfil
As many generations as thou may：
Eternal death shall there be waiting still；
And he who died with light of yesterday
Shall be no briefer time in death's No…more
Than he who perished months or years before。
BOOK IV
PROEM
I wander afield； thriving in sturdy thought；
Through unpathed haunts of the Pierides；
Trodden by step of none before。 I joy
To come on undefiled fountains there；
To drain them deep； I joy to pluck new flowers；
To seek f