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f geraniums along the front of the stage and a big oleander on the side。 There is a long…whiskered rug in the middle。 The graduates sit in a semicircle upon the stage in their new patent leather。 I know how it hurts。 It is the first time they have worn it。
Then they make their orations。 Every time I hear their orations I like them better； because every year I am getting younger。 Damsel Number One comes forth and begins：
〃Beyond the Alps （sweep arms forward to the left； left arm leading） lieth Italy！〃 （Bring arms down； letting fingers follow the wrist。 How embarrassing at a commencement for the fingers not to follow the wrist！ It is always a shock to the audience when the wrist sweeps downward and the fingers remain up in the air。 So by all means； let the fingers follow the wrist； just as the elocution teacher marked on page 69。）
Applause； especially from relatives。
Sweet Girl Graduate Number 2； generally comes second。 S。 G。 G。 No。 2 stands at the same leadpencil mark on the floor； resplendent in a filmy creation caught with something or other。
〃We （hands at half…mast and separating） are rowing （business of propelling aerial boat with two fingers of each hand； head inclined）。 We are not drifting （hands slide downward）。〃
Children； we are not laughing at you。 We are laughing at ourselves。 We are laughing the happy laugh at how we have learned these great truths that you have memorized； but not vitalized。
You get the most beautiful and sublime truths from Emerson's essays。 （How did they ever have commencements before Emerson？） But that is not knowing them。 You cannot know them until you have lived them。 It is a grand thing to say； 〃Beyond the Alps lieth Italy；〃 but you can never really say that until you know it by struggling up over Alps of difficulty and seeing the Italy of promise and victory beyond。 It is fine to say； 〃We are rowing and not drifting；〃 but you cannot really say that until you have pulled on the oar。
O； Gussie； get an oar！
My Maiden Sermon
Did you ever hear a young preacher； just captured； just out of a factory？ Did you ever hear him preach his 〃maiden sermon〃？ I wish you had heard mine。 I had a call。 At least； I thought I had a call。 I think now I was 〃short…circuited。〃 The 〃brethren〃 waited upon me and told me I had been 〃selected〃： Maybe this was a local call； not long distance。
They gave me six weeks in which to load the gospel gun and get ready for my try…out。 I certainly loaded it to the muzzle。
But I made the mistake I am trying to warn you against。 Instead of going to the one book where I might have gotten a sermonthe book of my experience； I went to the books in my father's library。 〃As the poet Shakespeare has so beautifully said；〃 and then I took a chunk of Shakespeare and nailed it on page five of my sermon。 〃List to the poet Tennyson。〃 Come here； Lord Alfred。 So I soldered these fragments from the books together with my own native genius。 I worked that sermon up into the most beautiful splurges and spasms。 I bedecked it with metaphors and semaphores。 I filled it with climaxes； both wet and dry。 I had a fine wet climax on page fourteen； where I had made a little mark in the margin which meant 〃cry here。〃 This was the spilling…point of the wet climax。 I was to cry on the lefthand side of the page。
I committed it all to memory； and then went to a lady who taught expression； to get it expressed。 You have to get it expressed。
I got the most beautiful gestures nailed into almost every page。 You know about gesturesthese things you make with your arms in the air as you speak。 You can notice it on me yet。
I am not sneering at expression。 Expression is a noble art。 All life is expression。 But you have to get something to express。 Here I made my mistake。 I got a lot of fine gestures。 I got an express…wagon and got no load for it。 So it rattled。 I got a necktie； but failed to get any man to hang it upon。 I got up before a mirror for six weeks； day by day； and said the sermon to the glass。 It got so it would run itself。 I could have gone to sleep and that sermon would not have hesitated。
Then came the grand day。 The boy wonder stood forth and before his large and enthusiastic concourse delivered that maiden sermon more grandly than ever to a mirror。 Every gesture went off the bat according to the blueprint。 I cried on page fourteen！ I never knew it was in me。 But I certainly got it all out that day！
Then I did another fine thing； I sat down。 I wish now I had done that earlier。 I wish now I had sat down before I got up。 I was the last man out of the churchand I hurried。 But they beat me outall nine of them。 When I went out the door； the old sexton said as he jiggled the key in the door to hurry me； 〃Don't feel bad； bub； I've heerd worse than that。 You're all right； bub； but you don't know nothin' yet。〃
I cried all the way to town。 If he had plunged a dagger into me he would not have hurt me so much。 It has taken some years to learn that the old man was right。 I had wonderful truth in that sermon。 No sermon ever had greater truth； but I had not lived it。 The old man meant I did not know my own sermon。
So； children； when you prepare your commencement oration； write about what you know best； what you have lived。 If you know more about peeling potatoes than about anything else； write about 〃Peeling Potatoes；〃 and you are most likely to hear the applause peal from that part of your audience unrelated to you。
Out of every thousand books published； perhaps nine hundred of them do not sell enough to pay the cost of printing them。 As you study the books that do live； you note that they are the books that have been lived。 Perhaps the books that fail have just as much of truth in them and they may even be better written； yet they lack the vital impulse。 They come out of the author's head。 The books that live must come out of his heart。 They are his own life。 They come surging and pulsating from the book of his experience。
The best part of our schooling comes not from the books； but from the men behind the books。
We study agriculture from books。 That does not make us an agriculturist。 We must take a hoe and go out and agricult。 That is the knowing in the doing。
You Must Live Your Song
〃There was never a picture painted； There was never a poem sung； But the soul of the artist fainted； And the poet's heart was wrung。〃
So many young people think because they have a good voice and they have cultivated it； they are singers。 All this cultivation and irritation and irrigation and gargling of the throat are merely symptoms of a singermerely neckties。 Singers look better with neckties。
They think the song comes from the diaphragm。 But it comes from the heart； chaperoned by the diaphragm。 You cannot sing a song you have not lived。
Jessie was singing the other day at a chautauqua。 She has a beautiful voice； and she has been away to 〃Ber…leen〃 to have it attended to。 She sang that afternoon in the tent； 〃The Last Rose of Summer。〃 She sang it with every note so well placed； with the sweetest little trills and tendrils； with the smile exactly like her teacher had taught her。 Jessie exhibited all the machinery and trimmings for the song；