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of the epidemics-第2章

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ophthalmies set in; with rheums; pains; unconcocted discharges;



small concretions; generally breaking with difficulty; in most



instances they relapsed; and they did not cease until late in



autumn。 During summer and autumn there were dysenteric affections;



attacks of tenesmus and lientery; bilious diarrhoea; with thin;



copious; undigested; and acrid dejections; and sometimes with watery



stools; many had copious defluxions; with pain; of a bilious;



watery; slimy; purulent nature; attended with strangury; not connected



with disease of the kidneys; but one complaint succeeding the other;



vomitings of bile; phlegm; and undigested food; sweats; in all cases a



reduncance of humors。 In many instances these complaints were



unattended with fever; and did not prevent the patients from walking



about; but some cases were febrile; as will be described。 In some



all those described below occurred with pain。 During autumn; and at



the commencement of winter; there were phthisical complaints;



continual fevers; and; in a few cases; ardent; some diurnal; others



nocturnal; semi…tertians; true tertians; quartans; irregular fevers。



  2。 All these fevers described attacked great numbers。 All these



fevers attacked the smallest numbers; and the patients suffered the



least from them; for there were no hemorrhages; except a few and to



a small amount; nor was there delirium; all the other complaints



were slight; in these the crises were regular; in most instances; with



the intermittents; in seventeen days; and I know no instance of a



person dying of causus; nor becoming phrenitic。 The tertians were more



numerous than the ardent fevers; and attended with more pain; but



these all had four periods in regular succession from the first



attack; and they had a complete crisis in seven; without a relapse



in any instance。 The quartans attacked many at first; in the form of



regular quartans; but in no few cases a transition from other fevers



and diseases into quartans took place; they were protracted; as is



wont with them; indeed; more so than usual。 Quotidian; nocturnal;



and wandering fevers attacked many persons; some of whom continued



to keep up; and others were confined to bed。 In most instances these



fevers were prolonged under the Pleiades and till winter。 Many



persons; and more especially children; had convulsions from the



commencement; and they had fever; and the convulsions supervened



upon the fevers; in most cases they were protracted; but free from



danger; unless in those who were in a deadly state from other



complaints。 Those fevers which were continual in the main; and with no



intermissions; but having exacerbations in the tertian form; there



being remissions the one day and exacerbations the next; were the most



violent of all those which occurred at that time; and the most



protracted; and occurring with the greatest pains; beginning mildly;



always on the whole increasing; and being exacerbated; and always



turning worse; having small remissions; and after an abatement



having more violent paroxysms; and growing worse; for the most part;



on the critical days。 Rigors; in all cases; took place in an irregular



and uncertain manner; very rare and weak in them; but greater in all



other fevers; frequent sweats; but most seldom in them; bringing no



alleviation; but; on the contrary; doing mischief。 Much cold of the



extremities in them; and these were warmed with difficulty。



Insomnolency; for the most part; especially in these fevers; and again



a disposition to coma。 The bowels; in all diseases; were disordered;



and in a bad state; but worst of all in these。 The urine; in most of



them; was either thin and crude; yellow; and after a time with



slight symptoms of concoction in a critical form; or having the proper



thickness; but muddy; and neither settling nor subsiding; or having



small and bad; and crude sediments; these being the worst of all。



Coughs attended these fevers; but I cannot state that any harm or good



ever resulted from the cough。



  3。 The most of these were protracted and troublesome; went on in a



very disorderly and irregular form; and; for the most part; did in a



crisis; either in the fatal cases or in the others; for if it left



some of them for a season it soon returned again。 In a few instances



the lever terminated with a crisis; in the earliest of these about the



eightieth day; and some of these relapsed; so that most of them were



not free from the fever during the winter; but the fever left most



of them without a crisis; and these things happened alike to those who



recovered and to those who did not。 There being much want of crisis



and much variety as to these diseases; the greatest and worst



symptom attended the most of them; namely; a loathing of all



articles of food; more especially with those who had otherwise fatal



symptoms; but they were not unseasonably thirsty in such fevers。 After



a length of time; with much suffering and great wasting; abscesses



were formed in these cases; either unusually large; so that the



patients could not support them; or unusually small; so that they



did no good; but soon relapsed and speedily got worse。 The diseases



which attacked them were in the form of dysenteries; tenesmus;



lientery; and fluxes; but; in some cases; there were dropsies; with or



without these complaints。 Whatever attacked them violently speedily



cut them off; or again; did them no good。 Small rashes; and not



corresponding to the violence of the disease; and quickly



disappearing; or swellings occurred about the ears; which were not



resolved; and brought on no crisis。 In some they were determined to



the joints; and especially to the hip…joint; terminating critically



with a few; and quickly again increasing to its original habit。



  4。 People died of all these diseases; but mostly of these fevers;



and notably infants just weaned; and older children; until eight or



ten years of age; and those before puberty。 These things occurred to



those affected with the complaints described above; and to many



persons at first without them。 The only favorable symptom; and the



greatest of those which occurred; and what saved most of those who



were in the greatest dangers; was the conversion of it to a strangury;



and when; in addition to this; abscesses were formed。 The strangury



attacked; most especially; persons of the ages I have mentioned; but



it also occurred in many others; both of those who were not confined



to bed and those who were。 There was a speedy and great change in



all these cases。 For the bowels; if they happened previously to have



watery discharges of a bad character; became regular; they got an



appetite for food; and the fevers were mild afterwards。 But; with



regard to the strangury itself; the symptoms were protracted and



painful。 Their urine was copio
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