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north american species of cactus(北美仙人掌)-第6章

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Pecos and El Paso); and into Chihuahua (near Lake Santa Maria)。 

     Specimens examined: New Mexico (Wright of 1851; Rusby of 1880): 

also growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。 

     Dr。   Engelmann   calls   attention   to   the   fact   that   this   species   is   closely 

allied to the Mexican C。 zephranthoides (Scheidw。); but in the absence of 

material   representing   the   latter   species   no   comparison   can   be   made。In 

descriptions of the Mexican species the differently colored flowers and the 

much   longer   spines   suggest   differences   that   an   examination   of   fruit   and 

seed characters may still further emphasize。 

       16。 Cactus goodrichii (Scheer) Kuntze。 Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 (1891)。 

     Mamillaria goodrichiiScheer in Salm Cact。 Hort。 Dyck。 91 (1850)。 

     Globose or ovate; 5 to 7。5 cm。 high; subsimple: tubercles ovate; short 

(3   to   5   mm。);   somewhat   corky   and   persistent;   with   dense   wool   in   the 

young   axils   containing   5   to   8   stiff   bristles:   radial   spines   11   to   15   (the 

uppermost   one   sometimes   wanting);   white   and   rigid;   5   to   7   mm。   long; 

entangled with adjoining clusters; central spines 3 or 4 (often solitary in 

young      plants);   brownish…black;the         upper    ones    divergent     and   straight 

(rarely   showing   a   tendency   to   hook);   the   lower   longer   (9   to   10   mm。); 

stouter   and   hooked   (usually   upwards):   flowers   12   to   18   mm;   long;   the 

petals yellowish…white with red midribs: fruit clavate and scarlet。 (Ill。 Cact。 

Mex。 Bound。 t。 8。 figs。 9…14)Type: Scheer says that the plant was brought 

from the Island of 〃Corros〃 (Cedros?) by Dr。 Goodrich; and 〃unfortunately 

perished      in  the  gardens;〃     which     generally    means     that   there   is  not  a 

fragment of the type in existence。 

     In    dry   ravines;    from     San    Diego     County;     California;     southward 

throughout       Lower     California     and    the   neighboring      islands    (including 

Guadalupe Island)。〃Llavina。〃 

     Specimens   examined:          California    (Parry   of   1850;    1875;    Agassiz    of 

1872; Parish 450 of 1882 at Vallecito): Lower California (Gabb 18 of 1867; 

Brandegee of 1889 on Magdalena Island; and 240 of 1890 from San Jose 

del Cabo): also specimens cultivated in Gard。 Salm…Dyck。 

     By   a   misprint   in   Cact。   Mex。   Bound;   the   specific   name   appeared   as 

〃Goodridgii;〃 and this error appears in almost every subsequent mention 

of the species;  even in Watson's   Bibliographical   Index;  although in   Syn。 



                                                 15 


… Page 16…

                              North American Species of Cactus 



Cact。 and other references by Dr。 Engelmann the correct form appears。 

                               17。 Cactus pondii (Greene)。 

     Mamillaria pondiiGreene; Pittonia; i; 268 (1889)。 

     Oval   or   cylindrical;   from   low   to   30   cm。   high;   simple   or   sparingly 

branched:   radial   spines   20 to   30;   white   and   slender;   centrals   4   or   5;  the 

longest over 25 mm; long; rigid and strongly hooked; dark brown above 

the middle: flowers nearly 5 cm。 long; bright; scarlet: fruit unknown。Type; 

Pond specimens in Herb。 Greene。 

     Cedros Island; off the west coast of Lower California。Fl。 February。 

     Unfortunately;       the   type   specimen      has   been    mislaid;    so   that   no 

examination   of   it   could   be   made。Evidently   related   to   C。   goodrichii;   but 

differing   in   its   much   more   robust   habit;   more   numerous   radials;   much 

longer spines; and larger scarlet flowers。 

       18。 Cactus barbatus (Engelm。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。 

     Mamillaria barbataEngelm。 Wisliz。 Rep。 22 (1848)。 

     Depressed…globose; about 4 cm。 in diameter; simple: tubercles 8 mm。 

long;   with   naked   axils:   radial   spines   very   numerous   (50   to   60);   in   two 

series; 6 to 8 mm。 long; the outer (about 40) slender but rigid and white; 

the inner (10 to 15) a little stouter and yellow; usually one central spine; 

stout and erect; hooked downwards; brownish: flowers 18 to 20 mm。 long; 

rose…red:   fruit   oblong;   10   to   12   mm。   long;   green   (when   mature?):   seeds 

minute; dark brown and lightly pitted。 (Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound t。 6。 figs。 9… 

12)Type; Wislizenus of 1846 in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 

     Central Chihuahua。Fl。 May; in cultivation。 

     Specimens       examined:     Chihuahua      (Wislizenus      of  1846;   1850):    also 

specimens cultivated in Baumann's Garden in 1857; 1858; also growing in 

Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。 

     Dr。 Engelmann observed a curious intermediate character in the origin 

of the flowers of this species; the first ones of the season appearing in the 

axils   of   the   last  tubercles   of  the   preceding    year;   while   the   later  ones 

develop      from   the   axils  of  the   first  tubercles   of   the  same    season。The 

specimen growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard; in 1893 had 3 central spines; one or 

two being hooked。 

       19。 Cactus grahami (Engelm。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 (1891)。 



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… Page 17…

                              North American Species of Cactus 



     Mamillaria grahamiEngelm。 Syn。 Cact。 262 (1856)。 

     Globose   or   at   length   ovate;   2。5   to   7。5   cm。   high;   simple   or   branched 

from the base and even cespitose: tubercles ovate; 6 mm。 long; dilated at 

base (corky and persistent when old); with naked axils: radial spines 15 to 

30 in a single series; white; often dusky…tipped; slender but rigid; naked or 

puberulent; 6 to 12 mm。 long; the shorter ones uppermost; the longer ones 

lateral; central spines 1 to 3; blackish from a paler base; the lower (often 

the only) one stouter and longer (6 to 18 mm。); hooked upward; the one or 

two upper ones (when present) shorter and slenderer; divergent: flowers 2 

to 2。5 cm。 long; rose…colored: fruit 2 to 2。5 cm。 long: seeds 0。8 to 1 mm。 

long; black and pitted。(Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 6。 figs。 1…8)Type; Wright 

of 1852 and Bigelow of 1852 in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 

     In   rocky   places;   from   the   mountains   of   extreme   southwestern   Texas 

(west of the Pecos) to southern Utah; southern California (common along 

the Colorado); and Sonora。Fl。 June…August。 

     Specimens examined: Texas (Wright of 1852; Newberry of 1858; G。 R。 

Vasey of 1881; Miller of 1881; Briggs of 1892): New Mexico (Evans of 

1891): Arizona (Bigelow of 1852; Schott of 1858; Cous of 1865; Palmer 

of 1869; 1870; Engelmann of 1880; Pringle of 1884): Utah (Parry of 1874): 

Sonora (Schott of 1853): also specimens cultivated in the Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 

in 1881。 

     In all references to the fruit of this species it is described as 〃oval and 

green;〃   except   in   Ives   Report;   wher
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