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frequently specimens of C。 echinus occur in which some of the tubercles
do not develop central spines; and then the spine characters resemble those
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North American Species of Cactus
of C。 radians。In C。 radians; also; an occasional porrect central spine is
found。These intergrading forms I have only seen in Mexican material。For
discussion of relationships see under C。 scolymoides。
** Flowers red。+ Central spine solitary or sometimes wanting。
51。 Cactus dasyacanthus(Engelm。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 259
(1891)。
Mamillaria dasyacanthaEngelm。 Syn。 Cact。 268 (1856)。
Subglobose; 3。5 to 6。5 cm。 high; simple: tubercles slender and terete;
spreading; lightly grooved even to the base; 8 to 10 mm; long: radial
spines 30 to 50; mostly in two series; straight and loosely spreading; the
exterior ones (25 to 35) capillary and white; 6 to 18 mm。 long; the interior
ones (7 to 13) stiffer (setaceous); longer and darker and black…tipped; the
central spine straight and porrect; 12 to 20 mm。 long; often wanting:
flowers small; red: fruit ovate; small (8 to 10 mm。 long?): seeds globose…
angled; almost black; pitted; 0。8 to 1。2 mm。 long(Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。
12。 figs。 17…22)Type; Wright 110 in Herb。 Mo。 Bot Gard。
From Eagle Pass; Texas; westward to El Paso and southern New
Mexico; and southward into Chihuahua。
Specimens examined: Texas (Wright 110 of 1852): New Mexico
(Vasey of 1881; Mearns of 1892; in Big Hatchet Mountains) Chihuahua
(Pringle 251 of 1885; in part)。
Pringle 251 as distributed to Nat。 Herb。 is C。 tuberculosus。
52。 Cactus maculatus; sp。 nov。
Obovate…cylindrical; 6 by 8 cm。; somewhat cespitose: tubercles ovate;
terete; 10 mm。 long; grooved to the base; with naked axils: radial spines 10
or 11; straight and spreading; rigid; blackish (becoming ashy with age);
black…tipped; 12 mm。 long; central spine large; more or less spotted; erect;
25 to 35 mm。 long: flower 13 mm。 long; pinkish: fruit unknown。Type in
Herb。 Coulter。
San Luis Potosi。
Specimens examined: San Luis Potosi (Eschanzier of 1891)。
Somewhat resembles C。 tuberculosus in general appearance; but very
different in spine characters。
53。 Cactus brunneus; sp。 nov。
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North American Species of Cactus
Obovate…cylindrical; 3 by 6 cm。; simple: tubercles ovate; grooved to
the base; 5 to 6 mm。 long; with woolly axils: radial spines 11 to 15;
spreading; rather rigid and brownish (lighter with age); 8 to 10 mm。 long;
central spine much larger; 20 mm; long; hooked: flower and fruit
unknown。Type in Herb。 Coulter。
San Luis Potosi。
Specimens examined: San Luis Potosi (Eschanzier of 1891)。
++ Central spines 3 to 12。
54。 Cactus conoideus(DC。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 (1891)。
Mamillaria conoideaDC。 Rev。 Cact。 112 (1829)。 Mamillaria
strobiliformisEngelm。 Wisliz。 Rep。 113 (1848); not Scheer (1850)。
Ovate…conical; 3。5 to 10 cm。 high; 4 to 7 cm。 in diameter below; with
densely woolly vertex; simple: tubercles conical; about 12 mm; long;
closely appressed…imbricate (〃giving the plant the appearance of a
pineapple or cone〃): radial spines 10 to 16; ashy to white; straight and
stout; 6 to 10 mm。 long; the upper longer (10 to 15 mm。); central spines 3
to 5; stouter; brownish…black; 10 to 16 mm。 long; the two or three smaller
ones erect…spreading; the single lower one more rigid; porrect or deflexed;
15 to 20 mm。 long: flowers 2 to 3 cm long and wide; deep purple: fruit
unknown。(Ill。 DC。 Mem。 Cact。 t。 2)Type unknown。
On rocks; Coahuila and Nuevo Leon to San Luis Potosi and southern
Mexico。
Specimens examined: Coahuila (Palmer 378 of 1882; Pringle 3117 of
1890): Nuevo Leon (Wislizenus of 1847): San Luis Potosi (Poselger of
1851; Eschanzier of 1891)。
55。 Cactus potsii(Scheer) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。
Mamillaria potsiiScheer in Salm Cact。 Hort。 Dyck。 104 (1850)。
Cylindrical; 30 to 35 cm。 high; 2。5 to 3 cm。 in diameter; somewhat
branching: tubercles ovate; obtuse; very lightly sulcate; with somewhat
woolly axils: radial spines very numerous (entirely covering the whole
plant); slender and white; central spines 6 to 12; stouter from a broad base:
flowers large; green; or reddish: fruit red。Type unknown。
From the Rio Grande region; near Laredo; Texas; to Chihuahua。
Specimens examined: Texas (Poselger of 1851): Chihuahua
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North American Species of Cactus
(specimens from Coll。 Salm…Dyck。)。
56。 Cactus tuberculosus(Engelm。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261
(1891)。
Mamillaria strobiliformisScheer in Salm Cact。 Hort。 Dyck。 104 (1850);
not Muhlenpf。 (1848); nor Engelm。 (1848)。 Mamillaria tuberculosaEngelm。
Syn。 Cact。 268 (1856)。
Ovate to cylindrical; 5 to 15 cm。 high; 2。5 to 5 cm。 in diameter; simple
or branching at base: tubercles short…ovate from a broad base; 5 to 6 mm。
long; deeply grooved; crowded and imbricate; at length covering the older
parts as naked and gray corky protuberances: radial spines 20 to 30;
slender but stiff; white; radiant and interwoven with adjacent clusters; 4 to
8 mm。 long (uppermost rarely 10 to 12 mm。); central spines 5 to 9; stouter;
purplish above; the upper ones longer; erect; 10 to 14 mm。 long
(sometimes even 16 to 18 mm。); the lower one shorter (6 to 8 mm。); stout;
porrect or deflexed: flowers about 2。5 cm。 in diameter; pale purple: fruit
oval; elongated (sometimes almost cylindric); red; about 18 mm。 long:
seeds subglobose; brown and pitted; very small (0。8 to 1。2 mm。 long)。(Ill。
Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 12。 figs。 1…16)Type of Scheer's strobiliformis is
unknown; but the specimens of Prince Salm…Dyck in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
are marked 〃authentic〃 by Dr。 Engelmann。The Wright specimens in the
same Herb; represent the type of M tuberculosa Engelm。
From the mountains of extreme southwestern Texas (common west of
Devil's River); southward into Chihuahua and Coahuila。Fl。 May…June