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“Bitzer；” said Thomas Gradgrind。 “Your definition of a horse。”
“Quadruped。 Graminivorous。 Forty teeth； namely twenty…four
grinders； four eye…teeth； and twelve incisive。 Sheds coat in the
spring； in marshy countries； sheds hoofs； too。 Hoofs hard； but
requiring to be shod with iron。 Age known by marks in mouth。”
Thus （and much more） Bitzer。
“Now girl number twenty；” said Mr Gradgrind。 “You know
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what a horse is。”
She curtseyed again； and would have blushed deeper； if she
could have blushed deeper than she had blushed all this time。
Bitzer； after rapidly blinking at Thomas Gradgrind with both eyes
at once； and so catching the light upon his quivering ends of lashes
that they looked like the antennae of busy insects； put his knuckles
to his freckled forehead； and sat down again。
The third gentleman now stepped forth。 A mighty man at
cutting and drying； he was； a government officer； in his way （and
in most other people’s too）； a professed pugilist； always in training；
always with a system to force down the general throat like a bolus；
always to be heard of at the bar of his little Public…office； ready to
fight all England。 To continue in fistic phraseology； he had a
genius for coming up to the scratch； wherever and whatever it
was； and proving himself an ugly customer。 He would go in and
damage any subject whatever with his right； follow up with his
left； stop； exchange； counter； bore his opponent （he always fought
All England） to the ropes； and fall upon him neatly。 He was certain
to knock the wind out of commonsense； and render that unlucky
adversary deaf to the call of time。 And he had it in charge from
high authority to bring about the great public…office Millennium；
when Commissioners should reign upon earth。
“Very well；” said this gentleman； briskly smiling； and folding
his arms。 “That’s a horse。 Now； let me ask you girls and boys；
would you paper a room with representations of horses？”
After a pause； one half of the children cried in chorus； “Yes；
sir！” Upon which the other half； seeing in the gentleman’s face
that Yes was wrong； cried out in chorus； “No； sir！”—as the custom
is； in these examinations。
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“Of course； No。 Why wouldn’t you？”
A pause。 One corpulent slow boy； with a wheezy manner of
breathing； ventured the answer。 Because he wouldn’t paper a
room at all； but would paint it。
“You must paper it；” said Thomas Gradgrind； “whether you like
it or not。 Don’t tell us you wouldn’t paper it。 What do you mean；
boy？”
“I’ll explain to you； then；” said the gentleman； after another and
a dismal pause； “why you wouldn’t paper a room with
representations of horses。 Do you ever see horses walking up and
down the sides of rooms in reality—in fact？ Do you？”
“Yes； sir！” from one half。 “No； sir！” from the other。
“Of course no；” said the gentleman； with an indignant look at
the wrong half。 “Why； then； you are not to see anywhere； what you
don’t see in fact； you are not to have anywhere； what you don’t
have in fact。 What is called Taste； is only another name for Fact。”
Thomas Gradgrind nodded his approbation。
“This is a new principle； a discovery； a great discovery；” said
the gentleman。 “Now； I’ll try you again。 Suppose you were going to
carpet a room。 Would you use a carpet having a representation of
flowers upon it？”
There being a general conviction by this time that “No； sir！”
was always the right answer to this gentleman； the chorus of No
was very strong。 Only a few feeble stragglers said Yes； among
them Sissy Jupe。
“Girl number twenty；” said the gentleman； smiling in the calm
strength of knowledge。
Sissy blushed； and stood up。
“So you would carpet your room—or your husband’s room； if
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you were a grown woman； and had a husband—with
representations of flowers； would you；” said the gentleman。 “Why
would you？”
“If you please； sir； I am very fond of flowers；” returned the girl。
“And is that why you would put tables and chairs upon them；
and have people walking over them with heavy boots？”
“It wouldn’t hurt them； sir。 They wouldn’t crush and wither if
you please； sir。 They would be the pictures of what was very pretty
and pleasant； and I would fancy—”
“Ay； ay； ay！ But you mustn’t fancy；” cried the gentleman； quite
elated by coming so happily to his point。 “That’s it！ You are never
to fancy。”
“You are not； Cecilia Jupe；” Thomas Gradgrind solemnly
repeated； “to do anything of that kind。”
“Fact； fact； fact！” said the gentleman。 And “Fact； fact； fact！”
repeated Thomas Gradgrind。
“You are to be in all things regulated and governed；” said the
gentleman； “by fact。 We hope to have； before long； a board of fact；
composed of commissioners of fact； who will force the people to be
a people of fact； and of nothing but fact。 You must discard the
word Fancy altogether。 You have nothing to do with it。 You are
not to have； in any object of use or ornament； what would be a
contradiction in fact。 You don’t walk upon flowers in fact； you
cannot be allowed to walk upon flowers in carpets。 You don’t find
that foreign birds and butterflies come and perch upon your
crockery。 You never meet with quadrupeds going up and down
walls； you must not have quadrupeds represented upon walls。 You
must use；” said the gentleman； “for all these purposes；
combinations and modifications