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was fast aground！ This was at a point where two raised mounds； or
dubbas； were on opposite sides of the river。 I left the vessel； and with
Mr。 Baker； I explored in the rowing boat for about two miles in advance。
After the first mile； the boat grounded in about six inches of water
upon firm sand。 The river； after having deepened for a short space； was
suddenly divided into three separate channels； all of which were too
shallow for the passage of the diahbeeah； and two were even too shallow
to admit the small boat。 The boatmen jumped out； and we hauled her up
the shallows until we reached the main stream； above the three channels；
which ran from the S。S。E。； but having no greater mean depth than about
two feet six inches。
〃We continued for some distance up the stream with the same unfortunate
results。 The banks； although flooded during the wet season； were now
dry； and a forest was about a mile distant。 Having left the boat and
ascended a white ant…hill； about eight feet high； in order to take a
view of the country； I observed a herd of very beautiful antelopes； of a
kind that were quite un known to me。
〃By careful stalking on the flat plain from one ant…hill to another； I
obtained a fair shot at about 140 yards； and killed。 Both male and
female have horns； therefore I found it difficult to distinguish the sex
at that distance。 I was delighted with my prize； it was a female；
weighing； I should estimate； about twenty stone； clean。 The hide was a
deep reddish yellow； with black shoulders and legs； also black from the
hind quarters down the hind legs。 It belonged to the species
hippotragus； and had horns that curved backwards； something similar to
the hippotragus niger； but much shorter。＇*＇
＇*Footnote： Vide Appendix。 This antelope； which I considered to be a
new species； proved to be the Damalis Senegalensis of Western Africa。＇
〃We soon cut it into quarters； and carried it to the boat。 This little
success in sport had cheered me for the moment； but the happy excitement
quickly passed away； and we returned to the diahbeeah quite
disheartened。 It is simply impossible to continue the voyage； as there
is no means of floating the vessels。
〃To…morrow I shall explore the channel No。 3； which runs from the W。S。W。
〃April 2。I explored the west channel。 This is very narrow； and
overgrown with grass。 After about a mile we arrived at a shallow place
only two feet deep。 The whole river is absolutely impracticable at this
season。 During the rains； and even to the end of December； when the
river is full； the vessels could pass； but at no other time。 All my
labour has been useless； but it would be utterly absurd to attempt a
further advance。 I have therefore determined to return at once to the
Shillook country； and establish a station。 Mr。 Higginbotham and party
will then unite with us； and I will collect the entire force from
Khartoum； and start with the expedition complete in the end of November。
Although I am grievously disappointed； I am convinced that this is the
wisest course。 During the rainy season the troops shall cultivate corn；
and I shall explore the old White Nile in a steamer； and endeavour to
discover a navigable channel via the original route by the Bahr Gazal。
〃I was obliged with a heavy heart to give the sad order to turn back； at
3 p。m。 we arrived at the assembled fleet。
〃I summoned all the officers； and in the presence of Raouf Bey I
explained the necessity。 The vessels immediately commenced the return
voyage； all the officers and men being delighted at the idea of a
retreat which they imagined would take them to Khartoum； and terminate
the expedition； thus I had little sympathy。However； I determined to
make arrangements for the following season that would enable me to cut
through every difficulty。 I kept these intentions to myself； or only
shared them with my wife and Lieutenant Baker。
〃April 3。Washed decks early； and sent off three soldiers； thus
reducing the escort on the diahbeeah to seven men。
〃The entire fleet was in full retreat with wind and stream in favour。 I
would not permit the diahbeeah that had always led the advance to
accompany them in the retreat； therefore I allowed them to push on
ahead。
〃A shower of rain fell to…day； also yesterday。
〃A few minutes after starting； both the steamers stuck fast。 As I was
walking the poop of the diahbeeah； I noticed with the telescope an
antelope standing on the summit of an ant…hill about a mile and a
quarter distant。 There is no change so delightful as a little sport if
you are in low spirits； thus； taking the rifle； I rowed up the river for
about half a mile in the small boat； and then landing； I obtained the
right wind。 It was exceedingly difficult to approach game in these
extensive treeless flats； and it would have been quite impossible； had
it not been for the innumerable hills of the white ants； these are the
peculiar features of these swampy countries； and the intelligence of the
insects directs their architecture to a height far above the level of
the highest floods。 The earth used in their construction is the subsoil；
brought up from a considerable depth； as the ant…hills are yellow； while
the surface soil is black。 The earth is first swallowed by the insect
and thus it becomes mixed with some albuminous matter which converts it
into a cement that resists the action of rain。 These hills were
generally about eight feet high in the swampy districts； but I have
frequently seen them above ten feet。 The antelopes make use of such
ant…hills as watch towers； from which lofty position they can observe an
enemy at a great distance。 It is the custom of several varieties to
place sentries while the herd is grazing； and upon this occasion；
although the sentry was alone visible； I felt sure that the herd was
somewhere in his neighbourhood。 I have noticed that the sentries are
generally bulls。 On this occasion I resolved； if possible； to stalk the
watchman。 I was shooting with a very accurate express rifle； a No。 70
bore of Purdey's； belonging to my friend； Sir Edward Kerrison； who had
kindly lent it to me as a favourite weapon when I left England。 The
grass was very low； and quite green； as it had been fired by the
wandering natives some time since； thus； in places there were patches of
the tall withered herbage that had been only partially consumed by the
fire while unripe： these patches were an assistance in stalking。
〃It was； of course； necessary to keep several tall ant…hills in a line
with that upon which the antelope was standing； and to stoop so low that
I could only see the horns of the animal upon the sky…line。 In some
places it was necessary to crawl upon the ground； this was trying work；
on account of the sharp stumps of the burnt herbage which punished the
hands and knees。 The fine charcoal dust from the recent fire was also a
trouble； as the wind blew it into the eyes。 The watermark upon the
ant…hills was about eighteen inches above the base； proving the height
of the annual floods； and a vast number of the large water helix； the
size of a man's fist； lay scattered over the ground； destroyed and
partially calcined by the late prairie fire。