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Assumed his seat； in arms each warrior stood；
Troop cheering troop through all the ships of war。
Each to the appointed station steers his course；
And through the night his naval force each chief
Fix'd to secure the passes。 Night advanced；
But not by secret flight did Greece attempt
To escape。 The morn； all beauteous to behold；
Drawn by white steeds bounds o'er the enlighten'd earth；
At once from ev'ry Greek with glad acclaim
Burst forth the song of war； whose lofty notes
The echo of the island rocks return'd；
Spreading dismay through Persia's hosts； thus fallen
From their high hopes； no flight this solemn strain
Portended； but deliberate valour bent
On daring battle； while the trumpet's sound
Kindled the flames of war。 But when their oars
The paean ended； with impetuous force
Dash'd the resounding surges； instant all
Rush'd on in view： in orderly array
The squadron on the right first led； behind
Rode their whole fleet； and now distinct we heard
From ev'ry part this voice of exhortation：…
〃Advance； ye sons of Greece； from thraldom save
Your country； save your wives； your children save；
The temples of your gods； the sacred tomb
Where rest your honour'd ancestors； this day
The common cause of all demands your valour。〃
Meantime from Persia's hosts the deep'ning shout
Answer'd their shout； no time for cold delay；
But ship 'gainst ship its brazen beak impell'd。
First to the charge a Grecian galley rush'd；
Ill the Phoenician bore the rough attack；
Its sculptured prow all shatter'd。 Each advanced
Daring an opposite。 The deep array
Of Persia at the first sustain'd the encounter；
But their throng'd numbers； in the narrow seas
Confined； want room for action； and； deprived
Of mutual aid； beaks clash with beaks； and each
Breaks all the other's oars： with skill disposed
The Grecian navy circled them around
With fierce assault； and rushing from its height
The inverted vessel sinks： the sea no more
Wears its accustomed aspect； with foul wrecks
And blood disfigured； floating carcasses
Roll on the rocky shores： the poor remains
Of the barbaric armament to flight
Ply every oar inglorious： onward rush
The Greeks amid the ruins of the fleet；
As through a shoal of fish caught in the net；
Spreading destruction： the wide ocean o'er
Wailings are heard； and loud laments； till night
With darkness on her brow brought grateful truce。
Should I recount each circumstance of wo；
Ten times on my unfinished tale the sun
Would set； for be assured that not one day
Could close the ruin of so vast a host。
ATOSSA
Ah； what a boundless sea of wo hath burst
On Persia； and the whole barbaric race！
MESSENGER
These are not half； not half our ills； on these
Came an assemblage of calamities；
That sunk us with a double weight of wo。
ATOSSA
What fortune can be more unfriendly to us
Than this？ Say on； what dread calamity
Sunk Persia's host with greater weight of wo。
MESSENGER
Whoe'er of Persia's warriors glow'd in prime
Of vig'rous youth； or felt their generous souls
Expand with courage； or for noble birth
Shone with distinguish'd lustre； or excell'd
In firm and duteous loyalty； all these
Are fall'n； ignobly； miserably fall'n。
ATOSSA
Alas； their ruthless fate； unhappy friends！
But in what manner； tell me； did they perish？
MESSENGER
Full against Salamis an isle arises；
Of small circumference； to the anchor'd bark
Unfaithful； on the promontory's brow；
That overlooks the sea； Pan loves to lead
The dance： to this the monarch sends these chiefs；
That when the Grecians from their shatter'd ships
Should here seek shelter； these might hew them down
An easy conquest； and secure the strand
To their sea…wearied friends； ill judging what
The event： but when the fav'ring god to Greece
Gave the proud glory of this naval fight；
Instant in all their glitt'ring arms they leap'd
From their light ships； and all the island round
Encompass'd； that our bravest stood dismay'd；
While broken rocks； whirl'd with tempestuous force；
And storms of arrows crush'd them； then the Greeks
Rush to the attack at once； and furious spread
The carnage； till each mangled Persian fell。
Deep were the groans of Xerxes when he saw
This havoc； for his seat； a lofty mound
Commanding the wide sea； o'erlook'd his hosts。
With rueful cries he rent his royal robes；
And through his troops embattled on the shore
Gave signal of retreat； then started wild；
And fled disorder'd。 To the former ills
These are fresh miseries to awake thy sighs。
ATOSSA
Invidious Fortune； how thy baleful power
Hath sunk the hopes of Persia！ Bitter fruit
My son hath tasted from his purposed vengeance
On Athens； famed for arms； the fatal field
Of Marathon； red with barbaric blood；
Sufficed not； that defeat he thought to avenge；
And pull'd this hideous ruin on his head。
But tell me； if thou canst； where didst thou leave
The ships that happily escaped the wreck？
MESSENGER
The poor remains of Persia's scatter'd fleet
Spread ev'ry sail for flight； as the wind drives；
In wild disorder； and on land no less
The ruin'd army； in Boeotia some；
With thirst oppress'd； at Crene's cheerful rills
Were lost； forespent with breathless speed some pass
The fields of Phocis； some the Doric plain；
And near the gulf of Melia； the rich vale
Through which Sperchius rolls his friendly stream。
Achaea thence and the Thessalian state
Received our famish'd train； the greater part
Through thirst and hunger perish'd there； oppress'd
At once by both： but we our painful steps
Held onwards to Magnesia； and the land
Of Macedonia； o'er the ford of Axius；
And Bolbe's sedgy marshes； and the heights
Of steep Pangaeos； to the realms of Thrace。
That night； ere yet the season； breathing frore；
Rush'd winter； and with ice incrusted o'er
The flood of sacred Strymon： such as own'd
No god till now； awe…struck； with many a prayer
Adored the earth and sky。 When now the troops
Had ceased their invocations to the gods；
O'er the stream's solid crystal they began
Their march； and we； who took our early way；
Ere the sun darted his warm beams； pass'd safe：
But when this burning orb with fiery rays
Unbound the middle current； down they sunk
Each over other； happiest he who found
The speediest death： the poor remains； that 'scaped；
With pain through Thrace dragg'd on their toilsome march；
A feeble few； and reach'd their native soil；
That Persia sighs through all her states； and mourns
Her dearest youth。 This is no feigned tale：
But many of the ills；