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the ethics(part ii)-第2章

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ground so often。  I would only beg the reader again and again; to



turn over  frequently in his mind what I have said in Part i。



from Prop。 xvi。 to the end。  No one will  be able to follow my



meaning; unless he is scrupulously careful not to confound the



power  of God with the human power and right of kings。







IV。  The idea of God; from which an infinite number of things



follow in infinite ways; can  only be one。







》》》》》ProofInfinite intellect comprehends nothing save the



attributes of God and his  modifications (Part i。; Prop。 xxx。)。 



Now God is one (Part i。; Prop。 xiv。; Cor。)。  Therefore  the idea



of God; wherefrom an infinite number of things follow in infinite



ways; can only  be one。  Q。E。D。







V。  The actual being of ideas owns God as its cause; only in so



far as he is considered as a  thinking thing; not in so far as he



is unfolded in any other attribute; that is; the ideas both  of



the attributes of God and of particular things do not own as



their efficient cause their  objects (ideata) or the things



perceived; but God himself in so far as he is a thinking thing。







》》》》》ProofThis proposition is evident from Prop。 iii。 of this



Part。  We there drew the  conclusion; that God can form the idea



of his essence; and of all things which follow  necessarily



therefrom; solely because he is a thinking thing; and not because



he is the  object of his own idea。  Wherefore the actual being of



ideas owns for cause God; in so far  as he is a thinking thing。 



It may be differently proved as follows:  the actual being of



ideas  is (obviously) a mode of thought; that is (Part i。; Prop。



xxv。; Cor。) a mode which expresses  in a certain manner the



nature of God; in so far as he is a thinking thing; and therefore 



(Part i。; Prop。 x。) involves the conception of no other attribute



of God; and consequently  (by Part i。; Ax。 iv。) is not the effect



of any attribute save thought。  Therefore the actual  being of



ideas owns God as its cause; in so far as he is considered as a



thinking thing; &c。   Q。E。D。







VI。  The modes of any given attribute are caused by God; in so



far as he is considered  through the attribute of which they are



modes; and not in so far as he is considered through  any other



attribute。







》》》》》ProofEach attribute is conceived through itself; without



any other part (Part i。;  Prop。 x。); wherefore the modes of each



attribute involve the conception of that attribute;  but not of



any other。  Thus (Part i。; Ax。 iv。) they are caused by God; only



in so far as he  is considered through the attribute whose modes



they are; and not in so far as he is  considered through any



other。  Q。E。D。







ProofThis proposition is evident from Part i。; Ax。 iv。 



For the idea of everything  that is caused depends on a



knowledge of the cause; whereof it is an effect。







ProofThis proposition is evident from the last; it is



understood more clearly from  the preceding note。







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