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ideas； is made apparent。 As for the last questionas to how a
man can be sure that he has ideas that agree with their objects；
I have just pointed out； with abundant clearness； that his
knowledge arises from the simple fact； that he has an idea which
corresponds with its objectin other words； that truth is its
own standard。 We may add that our mind； in so far as it
perceives things truly； is part of the infinite intellect of God
（II。 xi。 Cor。）； therefore； the clear and distinct ideas of the
mind are as necessarily true as the ideas of God。
XLIV。 It is not in the nature of reason to regard things as
contingent； but as necessary。
》》》》》ProofIt is in the nature of reason to perceive things
truly （II。 xli。）； namely （I。 Ax。 vi。）； as they are in
themselvesthat is （I。 xxix。）； not as contingent； but as
necessary。 Q。E。D。
ProofThe idea of a particular thing actually existing
necessarily involves both the existence and the essence of the
said thing （II。 viii。）。 Now particular things cannot be
conceived without God （I。 xv。）； but； inasmuch as （II。 vi。） they
have God for their cause； in so far as he is regarded under the
attribute of which the things in question are modes； their ideas
must necessarily involve （I。 Ax。 iv。） the conception of the
attributes of those ideasthat is （I。 vi。）； the eternal and
infinite essence of God。 Q。E。D。
*****NoteBy existence I do not here mean durationthat is；
existence in so far as it is conceived abstractedly； and as a
certain form of quantity。 I am speaking of the very nature of
existence； which is assigned to particular things； because they
follow in infinite numbers and in infinite ways from the eternal
necessity of God's nature （I。 xvi。）。 I am speaking； I repeat；
of the very existence of particular things； in so far as they are
in God。 For although each particular thing be conditioned by
another particular thing to exist in a given way； yet the force
whereby each particular thing perseveres in existing follows from
the eternal necessity of God's nature （cf。 I。 xxiv。 Cor。）。
XLVI。 The knowledge of the eternal and infinite essence of God
which every idea involves is adequate and perfect。
》》》》》ProofThe proof of the last proposition is universal； and
whether a thing be considered as a part or a whole； the idea
thereof； whether of the whole or of a part （by the last Prop。）；
will involve God's eternal and infinite essence。 Wherefore；
that； which gives knowledge of the eternal and infinite essence
of God； is common to all； and is equally in the part and in the
whole； therefore （II。 xxxviii。） this knowledge will be adequate。
Q。E。D。
XLVII。 The human mind has an adequate knowledge of the eternal
and infinite essence of God。
》》》》》ProofThe human mind has ideas （II。 xxii。）； from which （II。
xxiii。） i