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〃I want no half…crowns； yere hanner； but if ye would give me God
I'd bless ye。〃
〃What do you mean by giving you God？〃
〃Putting Him in my heart by some good counsel which will guide me
through life。〃
〃The only good counsel I can give you is to keep the commandments；
one of them it seems you have always kept。 Follow the rest and you
can't go very wrong。〃
〃I wish I knew them better than I do； yere hanner。〃
〃Can't you read？〃
〃Oh no； yere hanner； I can't read； neither can Tourlough nor his
wife。〃
〃Well； learn to read as soon as possible。 When you have got to
America and settled down you will have time enough to learn to
read。〃
〃Shall we be better； yere hanner； after we have learnt to read？〃
〃Let's hope you will。〃
〃One of the things； yere hanner； that have made us stumble is that
some of the holy women； who have come to our tent and read the
Bible to us； have afterwards asked my aunt and me to tell them
their fortunes。〃
〃If they have； the more shame for them； for they can have no
excuse。 Well； whether you learn to read or not； still eschew
striopachas； don't steal； don't deceive； and worship God in spirit；
not in image。 That's the best counsel I can give you。〃
〃And very good counsel it is； yere hanner； and I will try to follow
it； and now； yere hanner； let us go our two ways。〃
We placed our glasses upon the bar and went out。 In the middle of
the road we shook hands and parted； she going towards Newport and I
towards Chepstow。 After walking a few yards I turned round and
looked after her。 There she was in the damp lowering afternoon
wending her way slowly through mud and puddle； her upper form
huddled in the rough frieze mantle； and her coarse legs bare to the
top of the calves。 〃Surely；〃 said I to myself； 〃there never was an
object less promising in appearance。 Who would think that there
could be all the good sense and proper feeling in that uncouth girl
which there really is？〃
CHAPTER CIX
Arrival at Chepstow … Stirring Lyric … Conclusion。
I PASSED through Caer Went； once an important Roman station； and
for a long time after the departure of the Romans a celebrated
British city； now a poor desolate place consisting of a few old…
fashioned houses and a strange…looking dilapidated church。 No
Welsh is spoken at Caer Went； nor to the east of it； nor indeed for
two or three miles before you reach it from the west。
The country between it and Chepstow； from which it is distant about
four miles； is delightfully green； but somewhat tame。
Chepstow stands on the lower part of a hill； near to where the
beautiful Wye joins the noble Severn。 The British name of the
place is Aber Wye or the disemboguement of the Wye。 The Saxons
gave it the name of Chepstow； which in their language signifies a
place where a market is held； because even in the time of the
Britons it was the site of a great cheap or market。 After the
Norman Conquest it became the property of De Clare； one of
William's followers； who built near it an enormous castle； which
enjoyed considerable celebrity during several centuries from having
been the birthplace of Strongbow； the conqueror of Ireland； but
which is at present chiefly illustrious from the mention which is
made of it in one of the most stirring lyrics of modern times； a
piece by Walter Scott； called the 〃Norman Horseshoe；〃 commemorative
of an expedition made by a De Clare； of Chepstow； with the view of
insulting with the print of his courser's shoe the green meads of
Glamorgan； and which commences thus：…
〃Red glows the forge〃 …
I went to the principal inn； where I engaged a private room and
ordered the best dinner which the people could provide。 Then
leaving my satchel behind me I went to the castle； amongst the
ruins of which I groped and wandered for nearly an hour；
occasionally repeating verses of the Norman Horseshoe。 I then went
to the Wye and drank of the waters at its mouth； even as some time
before I had drunk of the waters at its source。 Then returning to
my inn I got my dinner； after which I called for a bottle of port；
and placing my feet against the sides of the grate I passed my time
drinking wine and singing Welsh songs till ten o'clock at night；
when I paid my reckoning； amounting to something considerable。
Then shouldering my satchel I proceeded to the railroad station；
where I purchased a first…class ticket； and ensconcing myself in a
comfortable carriage； was soon on the way to London； where I
arrived at about four o'clock in the morning； having had during the
whole of my journey a most uproarious set of neighbours a few
carriages behind me； namely； some hundred and fifty of Napier's
tars returning from their expedition to the Baltic。
CUMRO AND CUMRAEG。
THE original home of the Cumro was Southern Hindustan； the extreme
point of which； Cape Comorin； derived from him its name。 It may be
here asked what is the exact meaning of the word Cumro？ The true
meaning of the word is a youth。 It is connected with a Sanscrit
word； signifying a youth； and likewise a prince。 It is surprising
how similar in meaning the names of several nations are： Cumro； a
youth； Gael； a hero； （24） Roman； one who is comely； a husband； （25）
Frank or Frenchman； a free； brave fellow； Dane； an honest man；
Turk； a handsome lad； Arab； a sprightly fellow。 Lastly； Romany
Chal； the name by which the Gypsy styles himself； signifying not an
Egyptian； but a lad of Rome。 （26）
The language of the Cumro is called after him Cumraeg。 Of Cumric
there are three dialects； the speech of Cumru or Wales； that of
Armorica or； as the Welsh call it； Llydaw； and the Cornish； which
is no longer spoken； and only exists in books and in the names of
places。 The Cumric bears considerable affinity to the Gaelic； or
the language of the Gael； of which there are also three dialects；
the Irish； the speech of the Scottish Highlanders； and the Manx；
which last is rapidly becoming extinct。 The Cumric and Gaelic have
not only a great many thousand words in common； but also a
remarkable grammatical feature； the mutation and dropping of
certain initial consonants under certain circumstances； which
feature is peculiar to the Celtic languages。 The number of
Sanscritic words which the Cumric and Gaelic possess is
considerable。 Of the two the Gaelic possesses the most； and those
have generally more of the Sanscritic character； than the words of
the same class which are to be found in the Welsh。 The Welsh；
however； frequently possesses the primary word when the Irish does
not。 Of this the following is an instance。 One of the numerous
Irish words for a mountain is codadh。 This word is almost
identical with the Sanscrit kuta； which also signifies a mountain；
but kuta and codadh are only secondary words。 The Sanscrit
possesses the radical of kuta； and that is kuda； to heap up； but
the Irish does not possess the radical of codadh。 The Welsh；
without possessing any word for a hill at all like codadh； has the
primary or radical word； that word is codi； to rise or raise；
almost identi