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time for extreme accuracy； and can pick the shot； it is plenty big； but I refer now to close quarters in a hurry。 I had no trouble whatever with the mechanism of this arm； nor have I ever had trouble with any of the lever actions； although I have used them for many years。 As regards speed of fire the controversy between the lever and bolt action advocates seems to me foolish in the extreme。 Either action can be fired faster than it should be fired in the presence of game。 It is my belief that any man； no matter how practised or how cool； can stampede himself beyond his best accuracy by pumping out his shots too rapidly。 This is especially true in the face of charging dangerous game。 So firmly do I believe this that I generally take the rifle from my shoulder between each shot。 Even aimed rapid fire is of no great value as compared with better aimed slower fire。 The first bullet delivers to an animal's nervous system about all the shock it can absorb。 If the beast is not thereby knocked down and held down； subsequent shots can accomplish that desirable result only by reaching a vital spot or by tearing tissue。 As an example of this I might instance a waterbuck into which I saw my companion empty five heavy 465 and double 500 bullets from cordite rifles before it fell！ Thus if the game gets to its feet after the first shock； it is true that the hunter will often empty into it six or seven more bullets without apparent result； unless he aims carefully for a centrally vital point。 It follows that therefore a second shot aimed with enough care to land it in that point is worth a lot more than a half dozen delivered in three or four seconds with only the accuracy necessary to group decently at very short range； even if all of them hit the beast。 I am perfectly aware that this view will probably be disputed； but it is the result of considerable experience； close observation and real interest in the game。 The whole record of the Winchester was 56 hits out of 70 cartridges fired； representing 27 head of game。
The 465 Holland & Holland double cordite rifle。 This beautiful weapon； built and balanced like a fine hammerless shotgun； was fitted with open sights。 It was of course essentially a close range emergency gun； but was capable of accurate work at a distance。 I killed one buffalo dead with it； across a wide canyon； with the 300…yard leaf up on the back sight。 Its game list however was limited to rhinoceroses； hippopotamuses； buffaloes and crocodiles。 The recoil in spite of its weight of twelve and one half pounds； was tremendous； but unnoticeable when I was shooting at any of these brutes。 Its total record was 31 cartridges fired with 29 hits representing 13 head of game。
The conditions militating against marksmanship are often severe。 Hard work in the tropics is not the most steadying regime in the world； and outside a man's nerves； he is often bothered by queer lights； and the effects of the mirage that swirls from the sun…heated plain。 The ranges； too； are rather long。 I took the trouble to pace out about every kill； and find that antelope in the plains averaged 245 yards； with a maximum of 638 yards； while antelope in covered country averaged 148 yards； with a maximum of 311。
APPENDIX IV。 THE AMERICAN IN AFRICA
IN WHICH HE APPEARS AS DIFFERENT FROM THE ENGLISHMAN
It is always interesting to play the other fellow's game his way； and then； in light of experience； to see wherein our way and his way modify each other。
The above proposition here refers to camping。 We do considerable of it in our country； especially in our North and West。 After we have been at it for some time； we evolve a method of our own。 The basis of that method is to do without； to GO LIGHT。 At first even the best of us will carry too much plunder； but ten years of philosophy and rainstorms； trails and trials； will bring us to an irreducible minimum。 A party of three will get along with two pack horses； say； or； on a harder trip； each will carry the necessities on his own back。 To take just as little as is consistent with comfort is to play the game skilfully。 Any article must pay in use for its transportation。
With this ideal deeply ingrained by the test of experience； the American camper is appalled by the caravan his British cousins consider necessary for a trip into the African back country。 His said cousin has； perhaps； very kindly offered to have his outfit ready for him when he arrives。 He does arrive to find from one hundred to one hundred and fifty men gathered as his personal attendants。
〃Great Scot！〃 he cries； 〃I want to go camping； I don't want to invade anybody's territory。 Why the army？〃
He discovers that these are porters； to carry his effects。
〃What effects？〃 he demands； bewildered。 As far as he knows； he has two guns； some ammunition； and a black tin box； bought in London； and half…filled with extra clothes； a few medicines； a thermometer； and some little personal knick…knacks。 He has been wondering what else he is going to put in to keep things from rattling about。 Of course he expected besides these to take along a little plain grub； and some blankets； and a frying pan and kettle or so。
The English friend has known several Americans； so he explains patiently。
〃I know this seems foolish to you；〃 he says； 〃but you must remember you are under the equator and you must do things differently here。 As long as you keep fit you are safe； but if you get run down a bit you'll go。 You've got to do yourself well； down here； rather better than you have to in any other climate。 You need all the comfort you can get； and you want to save yourself all you can。〃
This has a reasonable sound and the American does not yet know the game。 Recovering from his first shock； he begins to look things over。 There is a double tent； folding camp chair； folding easy chair； folding table； wash basin； bath tub； cot； mosquito curtains； clothes hangers； there are oil lanterns； oil carriers； two loads of mysterious cooking utensils and cook camp stuff； there is an open fly； which his friend explains is his dining tent； and there are from a dozen to twenty boxes standing in a row； each with its padlock。 〃I didn't go in for luxury；〃 apologizes the English friend。 〃Of course we can easily add anything you want but I remember you wrote me that you wanted to travel light。〃
〃What are those？〃 our American inquires； pointing to the locked boxes。
He learns that they are chop boxes； containing food and supplies。 At this he rises on his hind legs and paws the air。
〃Food！〃 he shrieks。 〃Why； man alive； I'm alone； and I am only going to be out three months！ I can carry all I'll ever eat in three months in one of those boxes。〃
But the Englishman patiently explains。 You cannot live on 〃bacon and beans〃 in this country； so to speak。 You must do yourself rather well； you know； to keep in condition。 And you cannot pack food in bags； it must be tinned。 And then； of course； such things as your sparklet siphons and lime juice require careful packing…and your champagne。
〃Champagne；〃 breathes the American in awestricken tones。
〃Exactly； dear boy； an absolute necessity。 After a touch of sun there's nothing picks you up better than a mouthful of fizz。