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on the same plane。 Biplanes have two supporting surfaces； one
above the other。
Multiplicity。 Frequently confounded with plurality。 The latter
means more than one； whereas multiplicity has reference to a
great number； or to a great variety。
Muscular。 Being strong； well developed。
Negative。 The opposite of positive； not decisive。
Neutralize。 From the word neuter； which means neither； hence the
term may be defined as one which is not a part of either； or does
not take up with either side。
Normal Pressure。 Normal means the natural or usual； and when
applied to air it would have reference to the condition of the
atmosphere at that particular place。 If the pressure could change
from its usual condition； it would be an abnormal pressure。
Notoriously。 Generally known； but not favorably so； the subject
of general remark； or unfavorably known。
Obscurity。 Not well known； in the background； without clear
vision； hidden from view。
Obliquely。 That which differs from a right angle； neither
obtuse nor acute； deviating from a line by any angle except a
right angle。
Obvious。 That which is readily observed and understood。
Orthopter。 That type of flying machine which depends on flapping
wings to hold it in space； and to transport it； in imitation of
the motion of the wings of birds in flying。
Oscillate。 Moving to and fro； the piston of a steam engine has an
oscillating motion。
Outline。 Describing a marginal line on a drawing； setting forth
the principal features of an argument； or the details of a story；
or the like。
Overlapping。 One placed over the other。
Parabolic。 A form of curve somewhat similar to an ellipse。
Pedestal。 A standard or support； an upright to hold machinery。
Pertinent。 Appropriate； pertaining to the subject。
Pectoral。 The bone which forms the main rib or support at the
forward edge of a bird's wing。
Persistent。 Keeping at it； determination to proceed。
Perpendicular。 At right angles to a surface。 This term is
sometimes wrongly applied in referring to an object； particularly
to an object which is vertical； meaning up and down。 The blade of
a square is perpendieular to the handle at all times； but the
blade is vertical only when it points to the center of the earth。
Pernicious。 Bad； not having good features or possessing wrong
attributes。
Pendulum。 A bar or body suspended at a point and adapted to swing
to and fro。
Perpetual。 For all time； unending or unlimited time。
Phenomena。 Some peculiar happening； or event； or object。
Pitch。 In aviation this applies to the angle at which the blades
of a propeller are cut。 If a propeller is turned； and it moves
forwardly in the exact path made by the angle； for one complete
turn； the distance traveled by the propeller axially indicates
the pitch in feet。
Placement。 When an object is located at any particular point； so
that it is operative the location is called the placement。
Plane。 A flat surface for supporting a flying machine in the air。
Plane of movement pertains to the imaginary surface described by
a moving body。 A bicycle wheel； for instance； when moving
forwardly in a straight line； has a plane of movement which is
vertical； but when the machine turns in a circle the upper end of
the wheel is turned inwardly； and the plane of rhovement is at an
angle。
Pliant。 Easily yielding； capable of being bent； liable to be
put out of shape。
Plurality。 See multiplicity。 More than one。
Poise。 Held in suspension； disposed in a particular way。
Pontoon。 Applied to a series of boats ranged side by side to
support a walk laid thereon。 In aviation it has reference to a
float for supporting an aeroplane。
Ponderous。 Large； heavy； difficult to handle。
Posterior。 The rear end； the opposite of anterior。
Principles。 The very nature or essence of a thing； the source or
cause from which a thing springs。
Proportion。 The relation that exists between different parts or
things。
Propounded。 Questioned； stated； to state formally for
consideration
Proprietary。 A right； the ownership of certain property。
Primitive。 The beginning or early times； long ago。
Prelude。 A statement or action which precedes the main feature
to be presented。
Proximity。 Close to； near at hand。
Prototype。 That which is used as the sample from； which something
is made or judged。
Propeller。 The piece of meebanism； with screw shaped blade；
designed to be rapidly rotated in order to drive a vessel
forwardly。 It is claimed by some that the word Impeller would be
the more proper term。
Primarily。 At the first； the commencement。
Precedes。 Goes ahead； forward of all。
Propulsive。 The force which gives motion to an object。
Projected。 Thrown forward； caused to fly through the air。
Radially。 Out from the center； projecting like the spokes of a
wheel。
Ratio。 The relation of degree； number； amount； one with another。
Reaction。 A counterforce； acting against。
Recognize。 To know； seeing； hearing； or feeling； and having
knowledge therefrom。
Reflection。 Considering； judging one thing by the examination of
another。 A beam of light； or an object； leaving a surface。
Refraction。 That peculiarity in a beam of light； which； in
passing through water at an angle； bends out of its course and
again assumes a direct line after passing through。
Reflex。 Turned back on itself； or in the direction from which it
came。
Requisite。 Enough； suffieient for all purposes。
Relegate。 To put back or away。
Rectangular。 Having one or more right angles。
Reservations。 Land which is held by the Government for various
purposes。
Resistance。 That which holds back； preventing movement。
Retarding。 Preventing a free movement。
Revoluble。 The turning or swinging motion of a body like the
earth in its movement around the sun。 See Rotative。 To cause to
move as in an orbit or circle。
Resilient。 Springy； having the quality of elasticity。
Reversed。 Changed about； turned front side to the rear。
Rotative。 That which turns； like a shaft。 The movement of the
earth on its axis is rotative。
Saturation。 Putting one substance into another until it will hold
no more。 For instance； adding salt to water until the water
cannot take up any more。
Security。 Safety； assuredness that there will be no danger。
Segment。 A part eut off from a circle。 Distinguished from a
sector； which might be likened to the form of one of the sections
of an orange。
Sexagonal。 Six…sided。
Sine of the Angle。 The line dropped from the highest point of an
angle to the line which runs out horizontally。
Sinuous。 Wavelike； moving up and down like the waves of the
ocean。
Simulates。 To pattern or copy after； the making of the like。
Skipper。 A thin flat stone。
Spirally…formed。 Made like an