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as one's finger； the other class is painted； and of these you will find the markets full； as also of quails； and hares； and all kinds of wild fowl； and other birds which live in the lakes and which look like geese。 All these birds and game animals they sell alive； and they are very cheap； for they give six or eight partridges for a VINTEM； and of hares they give two and sometimes one。 Of other birds they give more than you can count； for even of the large ones they give so many that you would hardly pay any attention to the little ones they give you； such as doves and pigeons and the common birds of the country。 The doves are of two kinds； some are like those in Portugal； others are as large as thrushes； of the doves they give twelve or fourteen for a FAVAO； the pigeons are the same price as the other birds。 Then the sheep that they kill every day are countless； one could not number them； for in every street there are men who will sell you mutton； so clean and so fat that it looks like pork； and you also have pigs in some streets of butchers' houses so white and clean that you could never see better in any country； a pig is worth four or five FANAMS。＇422＇ Then to see the many loads of limes that come each day； such that those of Povos are of no account；＇423＇ and also loads of sweet and sour oranges； and wild BRINJALS； and other garden stuff in such abundance as to stupefy one。 For the state of this city is not like that of other cities； which often fail of supplies and provisions； for in this one everything abounds； and also the quantity of butter and oil and milk sold every day； that is a thing I cannot refrain from mentioning； and as for the rearing of cows and buffaloes which goes on in the city； there is so much that you will go very far before you find another like it。 There are many pomegranates also； grapes are sold at three bunches a FANAM； and pomegranates ten for a FANAM。
On the north side of the city is a very great river with much water； in which are many fish； which fish are very unwholesome； and in this river there is that which passes for 。。。 （SIC。 IN ORIG。）； other streams flow into it； which make it very large。
Now as to the places on the bank of this river。 There is a city built there which they call SENAGUMDYM；＇424＇ and they say that of old it was the capital of the kingdom； but there now live in it few people； it still has good walls and is very strong； and it lies between two hill…ranges which have only two entrances。 A captain lives in this city for the king。 People cross to this place by boats which are round like baskets；＇425＇ inside they are made of cane； and outside are covered with leather； they are able to carry fifteen or twenty persons； and even horses and oxen can cross in them if necessary； but for the most part these animals swim across。 Men row them with a sort of paddle； and the boats are always turning round； as they cannot go straight like others； in all the kingdom where there are streams there are no other boats but these。＇426＇
There are also in this city places where they sell live sheep； you will see the fields round the city full of them； and also of cows and buffaloes it is a very pretty sight to see； and also the many she…goats and kids； and the he…goats so large that they are bridled and saddled。 Many sheep are like that also； and boys ride them。
Outside the city walls on the north there are three very beautiful pagodas； one of which is called VITELLA；＇427＇ and it stands over against this city of Nagumdym； the other is called AOPERADIANAR；＇428＇ and this is the one which they hold in most veneration； and to which they make great pilgrimages。
In this pagoda； opposite to its principal gate which is to the east； there is a very beautiful street of very beautiful houses with balconies and arcades； in which are sheltered the pilgrims that come to it； and there are also houses for the lodging of the upper classes； the king has a palace in the same street； in which he resides when he visits this pagoda。 There is a pomegranate tree ＇429＇ above this first gate； the gate has a very lofty tower all covered with rows of men and women and hunting scenes and many other representations； and as the tower goes narrowing towards the top so the images diminish in size。 Passing this first gate； you come at once into a large courtyard with another gate of the same sort as the first； except that it is rather smaller throughout； and passing this second gate； there is a large court with verandahs all round on pillars of stone； and in the middle of this court is the house of the idol。
Opposite the principal gate stand four columns； two gilded and the other two copper； from which； owing to their great age as it seems to me； the gold has worn off； and the other two are also of copper； for all are of copper。 That which stands nearest the gate of the temple was given by this King Crisnarao who now reigns here； and the others by his predecessors。 All the outer side of the gate of the temple up to the roof is covered with copper and gilded； and on each side of the roof on the top are certain great animals that look like tigers； all gilt。 As soon as you enter this idol…shrine； you perceive from pillar to pillar on which it is supported many little holes in which stand oil lamps； which burn； so they tell me； every night； and they will be in number two thousand five hundred or three thousand lights。 As soon as you pass this shrine you enter another small one like the crypt （CINZEYRO）＇430＇ of some church； it has two doors at the sides； and thence onward this building is like a chapel； where stands the idol which they adore。 Before you get to it there are three doors； the shrine is vaulted and dark without any light from the sky； it is always lit with candles。 At the first gate are doorkeepers who never allow any one to enter except the Brahmans that have charge of it； and I； because I gave something to them； was allowed to enter。 Between gate and gate are images of little idols。 The principal idol is a round stone without any shape； they have great devotion for it。 This building outside is all covered with copper gilt。 At the back of the temple outside； close to the verandahs of which I have spoken； there is a small idol of white alabaster with six arms；＇431＇ in one it has a 。。。＇432＇ and in the other a sword； and in the others sacred emblems （ARMAS DE CASA）； and it has below its feet a buffalo； and a large animal which is helping to kill that buffalo。 In this pagoda there burns continually a lamp of GHEE； and around are other small temples for houses of devotion。
The other temples aforesaid are made in the same manner； but this one is the principal one and the oldest； they all have many buildings and gardens with many trees； in which the Brahmans cultivate their vegetables＇433＇ and the other herbs that they eat。 Whenever the festival of any of these temples occurs they drag along certain triumphal cars which run on wheels； and with it go dancing…girls and other women with music to the temple； （conducting） the idol along the said street with much pomp。 I do not relate the manner in which these cars are taken； because in all the time that I was in this city none were taken round。 There are many other t