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where the municipal council is holding its sessions。 During the night
of August 9…10 both councils sit four hours simultaneously within a
few steps of each other。
＇44＇ Robespierre； 〃Seventh letter to his constituents；〃 says： 〃The
sections。 。 。 have been busy for more than a fortnight getting ready
for the last Revolution。〃
＇45＇ Robespierre； 〃Seventh letter to his constituents〃 Malouet； II。
233； 234。 R？derer； 〃Chronique des cinquante jours。〃
＇46＇ Moniteur； XIII。 318； 319。 The petition is drawn up apparently by
people who are beside themselves。 〃If we did not rely on you； I would
not answer for the excesses to which our despair would carry us！ We
would bring on ourselves all the horrors of civil war； provided we
could； on dying； drag along with us some of our cowardly assassins！〃 …
… The representatives； it must be noted； talk in the same vein。 La
Source exclaims： 〃The members here； like yourselves； call for
vengeance！〃 … Thuriot： 〃The crime is atrocious！〃
＇47＇ Taine is describing a basic trait of human nature； something we
see again and again whether our ancestors attacked small； harmless
neighboring nations； witches； renegades； Jews； or religious people of
another faith 。（SR）。
＇48＇ Buchez et Roux； XIX 93； session of Sept。 23； 1792。 Speech by
Panis： 〃Many worthy citizens would like to have judicial proof； but
political proofs satisfy us〃 Towards the end of July the Minister
of the Interior had invited Pétion to send two municipal officers to
examine the Tuileries； but this the council refused to do； so as to
keep up the excitement。
＇49＇ Mallet du Pan； 〃Mémoires；〃 303。 Letter of Malouet； June 29。
Bertrand de Molleville； 〃Mémoires；〃 II。 301。 Hua； 148。 Weber；
II。 208。 Madame Campan； 〃Mémoires；〃 II。 188。 Already； at the end of
1791； the king was told that he was liable to be poisoned by the
pastry…cook of the palace； a Jacobin。 For three or four months the
bread and pastry he ate were secretly purchased in other places。 On
the 14th of July； 1792； his attendants； on account of the threats
against his life； put a breastplate on him under his coat。
＇50＇ member of the 1789 Constituent Assembly。 （SR）。
＇51＇ Moniteur； VIII。 271； 278。 A deputy； excusing his assailants；
pretends that d'ésprémesnil urged the people to enter the Tuileries
garden。 It is scarcely necessary to state that during the Constituent
Assembly d'Espréménil was one of the most conspicuous members of the
extreme 〃Right。〃 … Duc de Ga？te； 〃Mémoires；〃 I。 18。
＇52＇ Lafayette； 〃Mémoires；〃 I。 465。
＇53＇ Moniteur； XIII。 327； Mortimer…Ternaux； II。 176。
＇54＇ Moniteur； XIII。 340。 The style of these petitions is highly
instructive。 We see in them the state of mind and degree of education
of the petitioners： sometimes a half…educated writer attempting to
reason in the vein of the Contrat Social； sometimes； a schoolboy
spouting the tirades of Raynal； and sometimes； the corner letter…
writer putting together the expressions forming his stock in trade。
＇55＇ Carra； 〃Précis historique sur l'origine et les véritables auteurs
de l'insurrection du 10 Ao？t。〃 Barbaroux； 〃Mémoires； 49。 The
executive directory； appointed by the central committee of the
confederates； held its first meeting in a wine…shop； the Soleil d'or；
on the square of the Bastille； the second at the Cadran bleu； on the
boulevard； the third in Antoine's room； who then lodged in the same
house with Robespierre。 Camille Desmoulins was present at this latter
meeting。 Santerre； Westermann； Fournier the American； and Lazowski
were the principal members of this Directory。 Another insurrectionary
plan was drawn up on the 30th of July in a wine…shop at Charenton by
Barbaroux； Rebecqui； Pierre Bayle； Heron； and Fournier the American。 …
Cf。 J。 Claretie； 〃Camille Desmoulins；〃 p。 192。 Desmoulins wrote； a
little before the 10th of August： 〃If the National Assembly thinks
that it cannot save the country； let it declare then； that； according
to the Constitution； and like the Romans； it hands this over to each
citizen。 Let the tocsin be rung forthwith； the whole nation assembled；
and every man； as at Rome； be invested with the power of putting to
death all well…known conspirators！〃
＇56＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； II。 182。 Decision of the Quinze…Vingt Section；
Aug。 4。 … Buchez et Roux； XVI。 402…410。 History of Quinze…Vingt
Section。
＇57＇ Moniteur。 XIII。 367； session of Aug。 8。 … Ibid。； 369 and
following pages。 Session of Aug。 9。 Letters and speeches of maltreated
deputies。
＇58＇ Moniteur； 371。 Speech of M。 Girardin： 〃I am convinced that most
of those who insulted me were foreigners。〃 Ibid。； 370。 Letter of M。
Frouvières： 〃Many of the citizens； coming out of their shops；
exclaimed： How can they insult the deputies in this way？ Run away！ run
off！〃 M。 Jolivet； that evening attending a meeting of the Jacobin
Club； states 〃that the Jacobin tribunes were far from sharing in this
frenzy。〃 He heard 〃one individual in these tribunes exclaim； on the
proposal to put the dwellings of the deputies on the list； that it was
outrageous。〃 Countless other details show the small number and
character of the factions。 … Ibid。； 374。 Speech of Aubert…Dubacet： 〃I
saw men dressed in the coats of the national guard； with countenances
betraying everything that is most vile in wickedness。〃 There are 〃a
great many evil…disposed persons among the federates。〃
＇59＇ Moniteur； XIII。 170 （letter of M。 de Joly； Minister of Justice）。
… Ibid。； 371； declaration of M。 Jolivet。 … Buchez et Roux； XVI。 370
（session of the Jacobin Club； Aug。 8； at evening）。 Speech by
Goupilleau。
＇60＇ One may imagine with what satisfaction Lenin； must have read
this description agreeing： 〃Yes； open voting by a named and identified
count； that is how a leader best can control any assembly。〃 （SR）。
＇61＇ Moniteur； XIII。 37o。 … Cf。 Ibid。； the letter of M。 Chapron。
Ibid。； 372。 Speech by M。 A。 Vaublanc。 Moore； 〃Journal during a
Residence in France；〃 I。 25 （Aug。 10）。 The impudence of the people in
the galleries was intolerable。 There was 〃a loud and universal peal of
laughter from all the galleries〃 on the reading of a letter； in which
a deputy wrote that he was threatened with decapitation。 〃 Fifty
members were shouting at the same time； the most boisterous night I
ever was witness to in the House of Commons was calmness itself
alongside of this。〃
＇62＇ Moniteur； Ibid。； p。 371。 … Lafayette； I。 467。 〃On the 9th of
August； as can be seen in the unmutilated editions of the Logographe；
the Assembly； almost to a man； arose and declared that it was not
free。〃 Ibid。； 478。 〃On the 9th of August the Assembly had passed a
decree declaring that it was not free。 This decree was torn up on the
10th。 But it is no that it was passed。〃
＇63＇ Moniteur； XIII。 370； 374； 375。 Speech by R？derer； letter of M。 de
Joly； and speech by Pétion。
＇64＇ Mathieu Dumas； 〃Mémoires；〃 II。 461。
＇65＇ 〃Chronique des