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the municipality of Plabennec； May 20。 Letter of the municipality of
Brest to the minister； May 21。 Deliberations of the department
Directory； June 13。
＇60＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； II。 376 （session of the Directory of the Pas…
du…Calais； July 4； 1792）。 The petition； signed by 127 inhabitants of
Arras； is presented to the Directory by Robespierre the younger and
Geoffroy。 The administrators are treated as impostors； conspirators；
etc。； while the president； listening to these refinements； says to
his colleagues： 〃Gentlemen； let us sit down； we can attend to insults
sitting as well as standing。〃
＇61＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3223。 Letter of M。 Valéry； syndic…
attorney of the department； April 4； 1792。
＇62＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3220。 Extract from the deliberations
of the department Directory and letter to the king； Jan。28； 1792。
Letter of M。 Lafiteau； president of the Directory； Jan。 30。 （The mob
is composed of from five to six hundred persons。 The president is
wounded on the forehead by a sword…cut and obliged to leave the town。）
Feb。 20； following this； a deputy of the department denounces the
Directory as unpatriotic。
＇63＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3223。 Letter of M。 de Riolle； colonel
of the gendarmerie； Jan。 19； 1792。 〃One hundred members of the club
Friends of Liberty〃 come and request the brigadier's discharge。 On the
following day； after a meeting of the same club； 〃four hundred persons
move to the barracks to send off or exterminate the brigadier。〃
＇64＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3219。 Letter of M。 Sainfal； Toulouse；
March 4； 1792。 Letter of the department Directory； March 14。
＇65＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3229。 Letter of M。 de Narbonne；
minister； to his colleague M。 Cahier； Feb。 3； 1792。 〃The
municipality of Auch has persuaded the under…officers and soldiers of
the 1st battalion that their chiefs were making preparation to
withdraw。〃 The same with the municipality and club of the
Navarreins。 〃All the officers except three have been obliged to leave
and send in their resignations。〃 … F7； 3225。 The same to the same；
March 8。 The municipality of Rennes orders the arrest of Col。 de
Savignac； and four other officers。 Mercure de France； Feb。 18； 1792。
De Dampmartin； I。 230； II。 70 （affairs of Landau； Lauterbourg； and
Avignon）。
＇66＇ 〃'The French Revolution；〃 I。 344 and following pages。 Many other
facts could be added to those cited in this volume。 … 〃Archives
Nationales；〃 F7； 3219。 Letter of M。 Neil； administrator of Haute…
Garonne； Feb。 27； 1792。 〃The constitutional priests and the club of
the canton of Montestruc suggested to the inhabitants that all the
abettors of unsworn priests and of aristocrats should be put to ransom
and laid under contribution。〃 … Cf。 7； 3193； （Aveyron）； F7； 3271
（Tarn）； etc。
＇67＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3200。 Letter of the syndic…attorney of
Bayeux； May 14； 1792； and letter of the Bayeux Directory； May 21。 〃The
dubs should be schools of patriotism； they have become the terror of
it。 If this scandalous struggle against the law and legitimate
authority does not soon cease liberty； a constitution； and safeguards
for the French people will no longer exist〃
＇68＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3253。 Letter； of the Directory of the
Bas…Rhin； April 26； 1792； and of Dietrich； Mayor of Strasbourg； May 8。
（The Strasbourg club had publicly invited the citizens to take up
arms； 〃to vigorously pursue priests and administrators。〃 ） Letter
of the Besan？on club to M。 Dietrich； May 3。 〃If the constitution
depended on the patriotism or the perfidy of a few magistrates in one
department； like that of the Bas…Rhin； for instance； we might pay you
some attention； and all the freemen of the empire would then stoop to
crush you。 〃 Therefore the Jacobin clubs of the Upper and Lower
Rhine send three deputies to the Paris club。
＇69＇ Moniteur； XII。 558； May 19； 1792。 〃Letter addressed through
patriotic journalists to all clubs of the Friends of the Constitution
by the patriotic central society； formed at Clermont…Ferrand。〃 （there
is the same centralization between Lyons and Bordeaux。）
＇70＇ 〃 Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3198。 Report of Commissioners Bertin
and Rebecqui； April 3； 1792。 Cf。 Dumouriez； book II。 ch。 V。 The
club at Nantes wants to send commissioners to inspect the foundries of
the Ile d'Indrette。
＇71＇ Moniteur； X。 420。 Report of M。 Cahier； Minister of the Interior；
Feb。 18； 1792。 〃In all the departments freedom of worship has been
more or less violated。 。 。 Those who hold power are cited before the
tribunals of the people as their enemies。〃 On the radical and
increasing powerlessness of the King and his ministers； Cf。 Moniteur；
XI。 11 （Dec。 31； 1791）。 Letter of the Minister of Finances。 XII。
200 （April 23； 1792）； report of the Minister of the Interior。 XIII。
53 （July 4； 1792）； letter of the Minister of Justice。
＇72＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； II。 369。 Letter of the Directory of the Basses…
Pyrénées； June 25； 1792。 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3200。 Letter of
the Directory of Calvados to the Minister of the Interior； Aug。 3。 〃We
are not agents of the king or his ministers。〃 … Moniteur； XIII。 103。
Declaration of M。 de Joly； minister； in the name of his colleagues
（session of July 10； 1792）。
CHAPTER V。 PARIS。
I。
Pressure of the Assembly on the King。 His veto rendered void or
eluded。 His ministers insulted and driven away。 The usurpations
of his Girondist ministry。 He removes them。 … Riots being prepared。
PREVIOUS to this the tree was so shaken as to be already tottering at
its base。 Reduced as the King's prerogative is； the Jacobins still
continue to contest it； depriving him of even its shadow。 At the
opening session they refuse to him the titles of Sire and Majesty； to
them he is not； in the sense of the constitution； a hereditary
representative of the French people； but 〃a high functionary；〃 that is
to say； a mere employee； fortunate enough to sit in an equally good
chair alongside of the president of the Assembly； whom they style
〃president of the nation。〃＇1＇ The Assembly； in their eyes； is sole
sovereign； 〃while the other powers；〃 says Condorcet； 〃can act
legitimately only when specially authorized by a positive law；＇2＇ the
Assembly may do anything that is not formally prohibited to it by the
law；〃 'in other words； interpret the constitution； then change it；
take it to pieces； and do away with it。 Consequently； in defiance of
the constitution； it takes upon itself the initiation of war； and； on
rare occasions； on the King using his veto； it sets this aside； or
allows it to be set aside。＇3＇ In vain he rejects； as he has a legal
right to do； the decrees which sanction the persecution of unsworn
ecclesiastics； which confiscate the property of the émigrés； and which
establish a camp around Paris。 At the suggestion of the Jacobin
deputies；＇4＇ the unsworn ecclesiastics are interned； expelled； or