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＇75＇ Schmidt； II。 5 （Dutard； June 5）。
＇76＇ Schmidt； II。 （Dutard； June 11） Ibid。； II。 （Dutard； June i8）：
〃I should like to visit with you；〃 if it were possible； 〃the 3；000 or
4；000 wine…dealers； and the equally numerous places of refreshment in
Paris； you would find the 15；000 clerks they employ constantly busy。
If we should then go to the offices of the 114 notaries； we should
again find two…thirds of these gentlemen in their caps and red
slippers； also very much engaged。 We might then； again； go to the 200
or 300 printing establishments； where we should find 4；000 or 5；000
editors； compositors； clerks； and porters all conservatized because
they no longer earn what they did before； and some because they have
made a fortune。〃 The incompatibility between modern life and direct
democratic rule strikes one at every step； owing to modern life being
carried out under other conditions than those which characterized life
in ancient times。 For modern life these conditions are； the magnitude
of States； the division of labor； the suppression of slavery and the
requirements of personal comforts and prosperity。 Neither the
Girondists nor the Montagnards； who aimed to revive Athenian and
Spartan ways； comprehended the precisely opposite conditions on which
Athens and Sparta flourished。
＇77＇ Schmidt； I。 207 （Dutard； May 10）。
＇78＇ Schmidt； II。 79 （Dutard； June 19）。
＇79＇ Schmidt； II。70 （Dutard； June 10）。
＇80＇ Lenin must have felt encouraged by reading these lines which can
only have increase his disdain for the 〃capitalist〃 and bourgeoisie。
（SR）。
＇81＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； V。 101。
＇82＇ Meillan； 54。 Raffet； Henriot's competitor and denounced as an
aristocrat； had at first the most votes； 4；953 against 4；578。 At the
last ballot； out of about 15；000 he still has 5；900 against 9；087 for
Henriot。 Mortimer…Ternaux； VIII。 31： 〃The electors had to vote
thirty at a time。 All who dared give their votes to Raffet were marked
with a red cross on the roll…call； followed by the epithet of anti…
revolutionary。〃
＇83＇ Schmidt； II。 37 （Dutard； June 13）： 〃Marat and others have a party
of from 4；000 to 6；000 men； who would do anything to rescue them。〃
Meillan； 155 （depositions taken by the Commission of the Twelve）：
Laforet has stated that there were 6；000 sans…culottes to massacre
objectionable deputies at the first signal。 Schmidt； II； 87
（Dutard； June 24）： 〃I know that there are not in all Paris 3；000
decided revolutionaries。〃
＇84＇ Moniteur； XV。 114； session of Jan。 11； speech by Buzot。
Ibid。； 136； session of Jan。 13； speech of the Federates of Finisterre。
… Buchez et Roux； XXVIII。 80； 81； 87； 91； 93 （Letter of Gadolle to
Roland； October 1792）。 … Schmidt； I。 207 （Dutard； May 10； 1793）。
＇85＇ Schmidt； II。 37 （Dutard； May 10； 1793）。
＇86＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； IV。 269 （petition presented by Gonchon。） …
〃Archives Nationales； AF； II 43。 Letters of Gonchon to the Minister
Garat； May 31； June 1； June 3； 1793）。 These are very odd and naive。 He
addresses the Minister Garat： 〃Citizen Garra。〃
＇87＇ Schmidt； I； 254 （Dutard； May 19）。 … Moniteur； XIV。 522 （Letter
addressed to Roland number for Nov。 21； 1792）： 〃The sections （are）
composed of； or at least frequented； nineteen…twentieth of them； by
the lowest class； both in manners and information。〃
＇88＇ Schmidt； II。 39 （Dutard； June 13）。
＇89＇ Schmidt； II。87 （Dutard； June 14）。 The expression of these fish…
women is still coarser。
＇90＇ Rétif de la Bretonne （〃Bibliographie de ses oeuvres； par Jacob；
287）。 （On the pillage of shops； Feb。25 and 26； 1793）。
＇91＇ Schmidt； II。 61； I。 265 （Dutard； May 21 and June 17）。
＇92＇ Schmidt； I。96 （Letter of citizen Lauchou to the president of the
Convention； Oct。 11； 1792）。 … II。 37 （Dutard； June 13）。 Statement of a
wigmaker's wife： 〃They are a vile set； the servants。 Some of them come
here every day。 They chatter away and say all sorts of horrible things
about their masters。 They are all just alike。 Nobody is crazier than
they are。 I knew that some of them had received benefits from their
masters； and others who were ：still being kindly treated； but nothing
stopped them。〃
＇93＇ Schmidt； I。 246 （Dutard； May 18）。 Grégoire； 〃Mémoires；〃 I。
387。 The mental and moral decline of the party is well shown in the
new composition of the Jacobin Club after September； 1792： 〃I went
back there；〃 says Grégoire in September； 1792 （after a year's
absence）； 〃and found it unrecognizable； no opinions could be expressed
there other than those of the Paris section 。 。 。 I did not set foot
there again； （it was） a factious disreputable drinking place。〃
Buchez et Roux； XXVI。 214 （session of April 30；1793； speech by Buzot）。
〃Behold that once famous club。 But。 thirty of its founders remain
there； you find there none but men steeped in debt and crime。〃
＇94＇ Schmidt； I。 189 （Dutard； May 6）。
＇95＇ Cf。 Rétif de la Bretonne； 〃Nuits de Paris；〃 vol。 XVI。 （July 12；
1789）。 At this date Rétif is in the Palais…Roya1； where 〃since the
13th of June numerous meetings have been held and motions made。 。 。 I
found there none but brutal fellows with keen eyes； preparing
themselves for plunder rather than for liberty。〃
＇96＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； V。226 and following pages （address of the sans…
culottes section； Sept。 25）。 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 146
（address of the Roule section； Sept。 23）。 In relation to the
threatening tone of those at work on the camp； the petitioners add：
〃Such was the language of the workshops in 1789 and 1790。〃
＇97＇ Schmidt； II。12 （Dutard； June 7）： 〃During a few days past I have
seen men from Neuilly； Versailles； and Saint…Germain staying here；
attracted by the scent。〃
＇98 Schmidt； I。254 （Dutard； May 19） 。 At this date robbers swarm in
Paris； Mayor Chambon； in his report to the Convention； himself admits
it （Moniteur； XV。 67； session of Jan。 5； 1793）。
＇99＇ De Concourt； 〃La Société Fran？aise pendant 'a Révolution。〃
（According to the〃 Courrier de l'Egalité； Jul。 1793）。
＇100＇ Buzot； 72。
＇101＇ Moore； Nov。10； 1792 （according to an article in the Chronique de
Paris）。 'The day Robespierre made his 〃apology；〃 〃the galleries
contained from seven to eight hundred women； and two hundred men at
most。 Robespierre is a priest who has his congregation of devotees。〃 …
… Mortimer…Ternaux； VII。 562 （letter of the deputy Michel； May 20；
1793）： 〃Two or three thousand women； organized and drilled by the
Fraternal Society in session at the Jacobin Club； began their uproar。
which lasted until 6 o'clock； when the house adjourned。 Most of these
creatures are prostitutes。〃
＇102＇ An expression of Gadol's in his letter to Roland。
＇103＇ Buzot； 57。
＇104＇ Buchez et Roux； XXVIII。 80 （Letter of Gadolle to Roland）。
＇105＇ Beaulieu； 〃Essais；〃 I。 108 （an eye…witness）。 … Schmidt； II。 15。
Report by Perrières； June 8。
＇106＇ Beaulieu； 〃Essais；〃 I。 100。 〃Maillard died； his stomach eaten
awa