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everybody is convinced of their guilt。 。 。 。 It is the Convention
which must remove all formalities that interfere with the course
pursued by the tribunal。〃 … Moniteur； XVII。； （Session of October 28）；
291。 The decree provoked by a petition of Jacobins； is passed on
motion of Osselin； aggravated by Robespierre。
＇109＇ Louvet； 〃Mémoires；〃 321。 （List of the Girondists who perished
or who were proscribed。 Twenty…four fugitives survived。）
＇110＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； VIII。； 395； 416； 435。 The terror and disgust
of the majority is seen in the small number of voters。 Their
abstention from voting is the more significant in relation to the
election of the dictators。 The members of the Committee of Public
Safety； elected on the 16th of July； obtain from one hundred to one
hundred and ninety…two votes。 The members of the Committee of
Security obtain from twenty…two to one hundred and thirteen votes。
The members of the same committee； renewed on the 11th of September；
obtain from fifty…two to one hundred and eight votes。 The judges of
the revolutionary tribunal； completed on the 3rd of August； obtain
from forty…seven to sixty…five votes。 … Meillan； 85。 （In relation to
the institution of the revolutionary government； on motion of Bazire；
Aug。 28）。 〃Sixty or eighty deputies passed this decree。 。 。 it
was preceded by another passed by a plurality of thirty against ten。
。 。 For two months the session the best attended； contains but one
hundred deputies。 The Montagnards overran the departments to deceive
or intimidate the people。 The rest； discouraged； keep away from the
meetings or take no part in the proceedings。〃
＇111＇ The meaning and motives of this declaration are clearly
indicated in Bazire's speech。 〃Since the adoption of the
Constitution；〃 he says； 〃Feuillantism has raised its head； a struggle
has arisen between energetic and moderate patriots。 At the end of the
Constituent Assembly； the Feuillants possessed themselves of the words
law； order； public； peace； security； to enchain the zeal of the
friends of freedom； the same man？uvres are practiced to…day。 You must
shatter the weapon in your enemies' hands； which they use against
you。〃 … Durand…Maillane； 154。 〃The simple execution of constitutional
laws；〃 said Bazire； 〃made for peaceable times； would be impotent among
the conspiracies that surround you。〃 … Meillan； 108。
＇112＇ Moniteur； XVIII； 106。 （Report of Saint…Just on the organization
of the revolutionary government； October 10th； and the decree in
conformity therewith。） Ibid。； 473。 （Report of Billaud…Varennes on a
mode of provisional and revolutionary government； Nov。 18th； and
decree in conformity therewith。） … Ib。； 479 （session of Nov。 22nd；
1793；。… Speech of Hébrard； spokesman of a deputation from Cantal）。 〃A
central committee of surveillance； a revolutionary army； has been
established in our department。 Aristocrats； suspects； the doubtful；
moderates； egoists； all gentlemen without distinguishing those who
have done nothing for the revolution from those who have acted against
it； await in retirement the ulterior measures required by the
interests of the Republic。 I have said without distinction of the
indifferent from the suspects； for we hold to these words of Solon's：
〃 He who is not with us is against us。〃
＇113＇ The trousers used in pre…Revolutionary France by the nobility
was called culottes； they terminated just below the knee where the
long cotton or silken stockings would begin。 The less affluent used
long trousers and no socks and became known as the Sans…culottes which
became ； as mentioned in vol。 II。 a nickname for the revolutionary
proletariat。 （SR。）
＇114＇ Moniteur； （Speech by Danton； March 26； 1794。） 〃In creating
revolutionary committees the desire was to establish a species of
dictatorship of citizens the most devoted to liberty over those who
rendered themselves suspects。〃
＇115＇ Mallet…Dupan； II。； 8。 （February； 1794）。 〃At this moment the
entire people is disarmed。 Not a gun can be found either in town or
country。 If anything attests the super…natural power which the
leaders of the Convention enjoy； it is to see； in one instant； through
one act of the will and nobody offering any resistance； or complaining
of it； the nation from Perpignan to Lille； deprived of every means of
defense against oppression； with a facility still more unprecedented
than that which attended the universal arming of the nation in 1789。〃
… 〃A Residence in France；〃 II。； 409。 〃The National Guard as a regular
institution was in great part suppressed after the summer of 1793；
those who composed it being gradually disarmed。 Guard…mounting was
continued； but the citizens performing this service were； with very
few exceptions； armed with pikes； and these again were not fully
entrusted to them； each man； on quitting his post； gave up his arms
more punctually than if he had been bound to do so through
capitulation with a victorious enemy。〃
＇116＇ Moniteur； XVIII。； 106。 （Report by Saint…Just； Oct。 10th）。
＇117＇ Ibid。； 473。 （Report of Billaud…Varennes； Nov。 13th）。
＇118＇ Ibid。； XVIII。； 591。 （Speech by Couthon； December 4th）。 Ibid。；
Barère： 〃Electoral assemblies are monarchical institutions； they
attach to royalism； they must be specially avoided in revolutionary
times。〃
＇119＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； VIII。； 40。 （Decree passed on the proposition
of Danton； session of September 13th）。 The motive alleged by Danton
is that 〃members are still found on the committees whose opinions； at
least； approach federalism。〃 Consequently the committees are purified；
and particularly the Committee of General Security。 Six of its
members are stricken off （Sept。 14）； and the list sent in by the
Committee of Public safety passes without discussion。
＇120＇ Moniteur； XVIII。； 592。 （Session of December 4； speech by
Robespierre）。
＇121＇ Miot de Melito； 〃Mémoires；〃 I。； 47。
＇122＇ Buchez et Roux； XXVIII。； 153。 Mortimer…Ternaux； VIII。； 443。
（Decree of September 28th）。 … Wallon； 〃Histoire du Tribunal
Révolutionaire de Paris；〃 IV。； 112。
＇123＇ Buchez et Roux； XXXIV。； 300。 （Trial of Fouquier…Tinville and
associates）。 Bill of indictment： 〃One of these publicly boasted of
always having voted death。 Others state that they were content to see
people to give their judgment； physical inspection alone determined
them to vote death。 Another said； that when there was no offense
committed it was necessary to imagine one。 Another is a regular sot
and has never sat in judgment but in a state of intoxication。 Others
came to the bench only to fire their volleys。〃 Etc。 （Supporting
evidence。） … Observe； moreover； that judges and juries are bound to
kill under penalty of death （Ibid。；30）。〃 Fouquier…Tinville states that
on the 22nd of Prairial he took the same step （to resign） with
Chatelet； Brochet and Lerry； when they met Robespierre； returning to
the National Convention arm…in…ar