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sins intended； but not executed； were no sins at all。
（24） No wonder that Josephus here describes Antiochus Eupator as
young； and wanting tuition； when he came to the crown； since
Appian informs us （Syriac。 p。 177） that he was then but nine
years old。
（25） It is no way probable that Josephus would call Bacchidoa；
that bitter and bloody enemy of the Jews； as our present copies
have it； a man good； or kind； and gentle； What the author of the
First Book of Maccabees； whom Josephus here follows； instead of
that character； says of him； is； that he was a great man in the
kingdom； and faithful to his king； which was very probably
Josephus's meaning also。
（26） Josephus's copies must have been corrupted when they here
give victory to Nicanor； contrary to the words following； which
imply that he who was beaten fled into the citadel； which for
certain belonged to the city of David； or to Mount Zion； and was
in the possession of Nicanor's garrison； and not of Judas's。 As
also it is contrary to the express words of Josephus's original
author； 1 Macc。 7：32； who says that Nicanor lost about five
thousand men； and fled to the city of David。
（27） This account of the miserable death of Alcimus； or Jac…mus；
the wicked high priest； （the first that was not of the family of
the high priests； and made by a vile heathen； Lysias；） before the
death of Judas； and of Judas's succession to him as high priest；
both here； and at the conclusion of this book； directly
contradicts 1 Macc。 9：54…57； which places his death after the
death of Judas； and says not a syllable of the high priesthood of
Judas。 How well the Roman histories agree to this account of the
conquests and powerful condition of the Romans at this time； see
the notes in Havercamp's edition； only that the number of the
senators of Rome was then just three hundred and twenty； is； I
think； only known from 1 Macc。 8：15。
（28） This subscription is wanting 1 Macc。 8：17； 29； and must be
the words of Josephus； who by mistake thought； as we have just
now seen； that Judas was at this time high priest； and
accordingly then reckoned his brother Jonathan to be the general
of the army； which yet he seems not to have been till after the
death of Judas。
（29） That this copy of Josephus； as he wrote it； had here not one
thousand； but three thousand； with 1 Macc 9：5； is very plain；
because though the main part ran away at first； even in Josephus；
as well as in 1 Macc。 9：6； yet； as there； so here； eight hundred
are said to have remained with Judas； which would be absurd； if
the whole number had been no more than one thousand。
BOOK 13 FOOTNOTES
（1） This Alexander Bala； who certainly pretended to be the son of
Antiochus Epiphanes； and was owned for such by the Jews and
Romans； and many others； and yet is by several historians deemed
to be a counterfeit； and of no family at all； is； however； by
Josephus believed to have been the real son of that Antiochus；
and by him always spoken of accordingly。 And truly； since the
original contemporary and authentic author of the First Book of
Maccabees （10：1） calls him by his father's name； Epiphanes； and
says he was the son of Antiochus； I suppose the other writers；
who are all much later； are not to be followed against such
evidence； though perhaps Epiphanes might have him by a woman of
no family。 The king of Egypt also； Philometor； soon gave him his
daughter in marriage； which he would hardly have done； had he
believed him to be a counterfeit； and of so very mean a birth as
the later historians pretend。
（2） Since Jonathan plainly did not put on the pontifical robes
till seven or eight years after the death of his brother Judas；
or not till the feast of tabernacles； in the 160th of the
Seleucidm； 1 Macc。 10；21； Petitus's emendation seems here to
deserve consideration； who； instead of 〃after four years since
the death of his brother Judas；〃 would have us read； 〃and
therefore after eight years since the death of his brother
Judas。〃 This would tolerably well agree with the date of the
Maccabees； and with Josephus's own exact chronology at the end of
the twentieth book of these Antiquities； which the present text
cannot be made to do。
（3） Take Grotius's note here： 〃The Jews；〃 says he； 〃were wont to
present crowns to the kings ＇of Syria＇； afterwards that gold
which was paid instead of those crowns； or which was expended in
making them； was called the crown gold and crown tax。〃 On 1 Macc。
10：29。
（4） Since the rest of the historians now extant give this
Demetrius thirteen years； and Josephus only eleven years； Dean
Prideaux does not amiss in ascribing to him the mean number
twelve。
（5） It seems to me contrary to the opinion of Josephus； and of
the moderns； both Jews and Christians； that this prophecy of
Isaiah； 19：19； etc。； 〃In that day there shall be an altar to the
Lord in the midst of the land of Egypt；〃 etc。； directly foretold
the building of this temple of Onias in Egypt； and was a
sufficient warrant to the Jews for building it； and for
worshipping the true God。 the God of Israel； therein。 See
Authent。 Rec。 11。 p。 755。 That God seems to have soon better
accepted of the sacrifices and prayers here offered him than
those at Jerusalem； see the note on ch。 10。 sect。 7。 And truly
the marks of Jewish corruption or interpolation in this text； in
order to discourage their people from approving of the Worship of
God here； are very strong； and highly deserve our consideration
and correction。 The foregoing verse in Isaiah runs thus in our
common copies； 〃In that day shall five cities in the land of
Egypt speak the language of Canaan；〃 ＇the Hebrew language； shall
be full of Jews； whose sacred books were in Hebrew；＇ 〃and swear
to the Lord of hosts； one〃 ＇or the first＇ 〃shall be called； The
City of Destruction；〃 Isaiah 19：18。 A strange…name； 〃City of
Destruction；〃 upon so joyful occasion； and a name never heard of
in the land of Egypt； or perhaps in any other nation。 The old
reading was evidently the City of the Sun； or Heliopolis； and
Unkelos； in effect； and Symmachus； with the Arabic version；
entirely confess that to be the true reading。 The Septuagint
also； though they have the text disguised in the common copies；
and call it Asedek； the City of Righteousness； yet in two or
three other copies the Hebrew word itself for the Sun； Achares；
or Thares； is preserved。 And since Onias insists with the king
and queen； that Isaiah's prophecy contained many other
predictions relating to this place besides the words by him
recited； it is highly probable that these were especially meant
by him； and that one main reason why he applied this prediction
to himself； and to his prefecture of Heliopolis； which Dean
Prideaux well proves was in that part of Egypt； and why he chose
to build in that prefecture of Heliopolis； though otherwise an
improper place； was this； that the same authority that he had for
building this temple in Egypt； the very same he had for building
it in his own prefecture of Heliopolis also； which he desired to
do； and which he did accordingly。 Dean Prideaux has much ado to
avoid seeing this corruption of the Hebrew； but it being in
support of his own o